1. AUTUMN Student:Radu Ghimbasan Teacher:Radu Georgeta

2. AUTUMN EQUINOX An equinox occurs twice a year, around 20 March and 22 September. The word itself has several related definitions. The oldest meaning is the day when daytime and night are of approximately equal duration. The word equinox comes from this definition, derived from the Latin aequus (equal) and nox(night). The equinox is not exactly the same as the day when period of daytime and night are of equal length for two reasons. Firstly, sunrise, which begins daytime, occurs when the top of the Sun's disk rises above the eastern horizon. At that instant, the disk's center is still below the horizon. Secondly, Earth's atmosphere refracts sunlight. As a result, an observer sees daylight before the first glimpse of the Sun's disk above the horizon. To avoid this ambiguity, the word equilux is sometimes used to mean a day on which the periods of daylight and night are equal. [3][note 1] Times of sunset and sunrise vary with an observer's location (longitude and latitude), so the dates when day and night are of exactly equal length likewise depend on location. daytimenightdurationLatinsunriseSun horizoninstantrefractssunlight [3][note 1]sunsetlongitudelatitude

3. HUMAN ACTIVITY. HARVEST.  Association with the transition from warm to cold weather, and its related status as the season of the primary harvest, has dominated its themes and popular images. In Western cultures, personifications of autumn are usually pretty, well-fed females adorned with fruits, vegetables and grains that ripen at this time. Many cultures feature autumnal harvest festivals, often the most important on their calendars. Still extant echoes of these celebrations are found in the autumn Thanksgiving holiday of the United States and Canada, and the Jewish Sukkot holiday with its roots as a full-moon harvest festival of "tabernacles" (living in outdoor huts around the time of harvest). There are also the many North American Indian festivals tied to harvest of autumnally ripe foods gathered in the wild, the Chinese Mid-Autumn or Moon Festivall, and many others. The predominant mood of these autumnal celebrations is a gladness for the fruits of the earth mixed with a certain melancholy linked to the imminent arrival of harsh weather.  This view is presented in English poet John Keats' poem To Autumn, where he describes the season as a time of bounteous fecundity, a time of 'mellow fruitfulness'.  While most foods are harvested during the autumn, foods particularly associated with the season include pumpkins (which are integral parts of both Thanksgiving and Halloween) and apples, which are used to make the seasonal beverage apple cider.pumpkinsapples

4. SEPTEMBER September is the ninth month of the year in the Julian and Gregorian Calendars and one of four months with a length of 30 days. September in the Northern Hemisphere is the seasonal equivalent of March in the Southern Hemisphere. In the Northern hemisphere, the beginning of the meteorological autumn is on the 1st of September. In the Southern hemisphere, the beginning of the meteorological spring is on the 1st of September. [ September begins on the same day of the week as December every year, because there are 91 days separating September and December, which is a multiple of seven (the number of days in the week). No other month ends on the same day of the week as September in any year

5. OCTOBER October is the tenth month of the year in the Julian and Gregorian Calendars and one of seven months with a length of 31 days. The eighth month in the old Roman calendar, October retained its name (from the Latin octō meaning "eight") after January and February were inserted into the calendar that had originally been created by the Romans. October is commonly associated with the season of autumn in the Northern hemisphere and spring in the Southern hemisphere, where it is the seasonal equivalent to April in the Northern hemisphere and vice versa. In the Western world, October is also commonly associated with Hallowe'en (All Hallows Eve), which initiates the season of Allhallowtide.

6. HALLOWEN  Halloween or Hallowe'en also known as Allhalloween, All Hallows' Eve, or All Saints' Eve, is a yearly celebration observed in a number of countries on 31 October, the eve of the Western Christian feast of All Hallows' Day. It initiates the triduum of Allhallowtide, [10] the time in the liturgical year dedicated to remembering the dead, including saints (hallows), martyrs, and all the faithful departed believers. [11] Within Allhallowtide, the traditional focus of All Hallows' Eve revolves around the theme of using "humor and ridicule to confront the power of death.”observed in a number of countriesWestern ChristianAll Hallows' Daytriduum Allhallowtide [10]liturgical yearsaintsmartyrs [11]

7. FLOWERS,  Autumn Flowers  After the lush greenery of summer and the brightness of its blooms, Autumn brings with it rustic reds, golden oranges and yellows and deep rich browns. This season is one of the most exiting and beautiful times of the year and here at Lamber de Bie Flowers you will find a floral gift to embody the verry essence of Autumn. As a member of Interflora we can organise delivery of your flowers local, nationwide and aslo to any country worldwide.  Bring the colour and lift of this season into your home with a beautiful Autumn flower arrangement, elegantly designed to reflect the warm richness of this wonderful season.  All designs are bursting with vibrant colours and will make a lively addition to any room. What’s more, each gift is hand created and conveniently available with same day or next day delivery.

8. VEGETABLES AND FRUITS  Seasonal fruits and vegetables for Autumn  apples, damsons, medlars, pears, quince, plums, chestnuts, elderberries, artichoke, aubergine, beetroot, broccoli, butternut squash, carrots, celery, courgette, fennel, garlic, kale, leeks, onions, potatoes, turnips, watercress, celeriac, kohlrabi, pumpkin, jerusalem artichoke, parsnips, chicory, beetroot, cauliflower

9. NATURAL PHENOMENA  A natural phenomenon is not a man-made event. Examples include sunrise, weather (fog, hurricanes, tornadoes), biological processes (decomposition, germination), physical processes (wave propagation, conservation of energy, erosion), tidal flow, and include natural disasters such as electromagnetic pulses, volcanic eruptions, earthquakes.  Various types of natural phenomena occur, including (but not limited to) the following:  Geological phenomena (volcanic activity and earthquakes)  Meteorological phenomena (hurricanes, thunderstorms, and tornadoes)  Oceanographic phenomena (tsunamis, ocean currents and breaking waves)  Exposure to forces of nature resulted in about 214,000 deaths in 2010 up from 31,000 in 1990.

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