1. Cells and Cell Structures

2. “Cell” Name means “small room” Basic structural, functional and biological unit of all KNOWN living organisms Smallest unit of life that can replicate independently

3. Microscopes were used as early as the 1600s to look at things. 1665 Hooke used a microscope to look at the bark of a Cork-bark oak Saw this and named them ‘cells’ Snowflake

4. 1838: Schleiden concluded all plants are made of cells 1839: Schwann stated all animals were made of cells 1855: Virchow concluded new cells can only be produced from existing cells Spurred more interest… better technology

5. Cell Theory All living things are made of cells Cells are the basic structural and functional unit of living things New cells are produced from existing cells

6. Cell Theory What IS a theory? Why is it “Cell Theory” and not “Cell Law”? Do we know about “ALL living things”?

7. Two (broad) categories of cells NO membrane-bound organelles = Prokaryotes HAS membrane-bound organelles = Eukaryote Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes Scanning electron micrograph of E. coli in human intestine www.listoid.com Scanning electron micrograph of human brain neuron www.scienceclarified.com

8. Smaller and ‘simpler’ Bacteria are prokaryotes MOST living things are prokaryotes Prokaryotes

10. Smaller and ‘simpler’ Bacteria are prokaryotes MOST living things are prokaryotes MOST of ‘you’ is prokaryotic YOU are outnumbered 10:1 in/on YOU!!!! Prokaryotes American Society for Microbiology, June 5, 2008

11. Scale between human cells and bacterial cell

12. Larger, more ‘complex’ Eukaryotes have a nucleus MOST have other organelles Protists to animal/plant cells Eukaryotes

13. Daphnia are NOT protists. They’re related to lobsters- Crustaceans

14. Review your notes!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Homework