1. Objectives/Standards:
13 Colonies
Life in early America
Objectives/Standards:
Describe the contributions of geographic and economic conditions, religion, and colonial systems of government to the development of American democratic practices.
Describe the geography, cultures, and economics of the Southern, Middle Atlantic, and New England Colonies.
Describe interactions (e.g., agricultural and cultural exchanges, alliances, conflicts) between Native Americans and European settlers.

2. Coming to America
Teacherspayteachers.com
Jessica Giuliani

3. Colony – What is a colony? A settlement in a new area.
Vocabulary
Colony – What is a colony? A settlement in a new area.
The first English colonies in North America were along the eastern coast.
Colonist – What is a Colonist? An English man or woman that moves to the new world of North America.

4. Original 13 Colonies

5. Reasons Why
Some Englishmen came for religious freedom from the Church of England.
They wanted land and wealth that they couldn’t have in England.
They wanted freedom from the King’s rule.
They wanted a new beginning
They want adventure.
They wanted gold and riches.
Self-rule

6. Reasons Why
By 1735 there were over 6 million English men women and children looking to the 13 English Colonies here in North America for a new beginning.

7. The Colonies
Each colony was unique in it’s characteristics. However, they are grouped together based on location, reasons they were founded, and what types of industries they had.
New England Colonies
Rhode Island
Connecticut
Massachusetts
New Hampshire
Middle Colonies
Delaware
Pennsylvania
New York
New Jersey
Southern Colonies
Maryland
Virginia
North Carolina
South Carolina
Georgia

8. New England Colonies

9. Vocabulary
Puritans – Who were they? The Puritans came to New England to escape the King who punished them for their religion. They governed a strict colony that was based around the bible and the church.
They had elected officials but they were male. No women could serve in the Puritan government.

10. Separatists – Who were they?
Vocabulary
Separatists – Who were they?
Protestants who, during the 1600s, wanted to leave the Anglican church that King Henry VIII of England founded, in order to found their own churches in America.

11. Roman Catholic
Church
Episcopalians
Baptists
Protestants
Lutherans
Presbyterians
Church of
England
Separatists
(Pilgrims)
Puritans
Puritans – a group of English Protestants that tried to simplify the Church of England in the 1600’s.

12. England persecuted everyone that refused to agree with the Church of England. Ex.) Puritans, Separatists, Catholics
Persecute – to mistreat
English dissenters saw America as a place where they could worship freely!
Dissent – to disagree

13. The Mayflower Compact
The Mayflower Compact was written when in The settlers aboard the Mayflower landed north of their original destination in Virginia.
The Mayflower Compact was designed to provide a framework of government for Plymouth in the absence of Virginian authority.
It was significant because it established the principle of government by the consent of the governed in the New World. 
Mayflower
Compact
First plan of self-government ever put in force in the English Colonies.

14. Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
The Fundamental Orders Of Connecticut, adopted in 1639, was also an early document of self-governance in the New World.
The Fundamental Orders were substantially more complex than the Mayflower Compact, however, and detailed an actual system of government, complete with a general assembly that was to meet at regular intervals and a process for election of officials.
Fundamental orders of Connecticut
America’s first written Constitution.
Connecticut

15. The settlers here made a great deal of money fur trapping.
New England Colonies
The settlers here made a great deal of money fur trapping.
Other economic opportunities in New England were based around the sea: fishing, shipbuilding, and whaling.
The soil was rocky and so the New England Colonies were not known for their farms.

16. Facts New England Colonies
People in New England towns lived, worked, and worshiped close together.
The meeting house and the church were the most important buildings in the town.

17. Facts New England Colonies
The Puritans settled in Massachusetts. Because they were so strict some Puritans left Massachusetts and founded the other New England Colonies. The colonies of New Hampshire, Connecticut, and Rhode Island were friendlier and more tolerant of people’s differences.
Facts

18. New England Colonies
-Quiz: What religion was in control of Massachusetts?
Name three ways in which the colonies in New England made a living?
What was the soil like in New England?

19. New England Colonies
By 1750, busy cities popped up around the New England Colonies.
Boston became world famous for its shipping port.

20. New England Colonies School
One room
One teacher
Very strict, children were often whipped for punishment
The main subject was reading.

21. Middle Colonies

22. The Breadbasket Colonies
Vocabulary
The Breadbasket Colonies
A Nickname for the Middle Colonies because they produced so much grain: oats, wheat, rye.

23. People came to America from many different places to start a new life.
Vocabulary
Immigrant– What is an immigrant? A person that comes into a country to start a new life.
People came to America from many different places to start a new life.
Diversity– What is diversity? A group of people from very different backgrounds.
The Middle Colonies were an interesting place to live because of the diversity among the people.

24. Middle Colonies
The settlements here were considered a Royal Colonies. The King sent governors here to watch over the Middle Colonies.
However it was difficult for the King to have much power over the colonies and many colonies were considered to be self-rules.

25. Economy Middle Colonies
-The Middle Colonies were based on agriculture; small farms that produced many different crops.
-There were also factories that produced iron.

26. Middle Colonies
Facts
-Sometimes called the “The Bread Basket” colonies because they grew so many crops for making bread.
-The land was lush and fertile.
- The wagon was invented in Pennsylvania and used for trade.

27. Middle Colonies
-Quiz: what crops grew in the Middle Colonies? Name three.
-What was the soil like?
-Name the four Colonies in the Middle?

28. -Lived in New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania
Middle Colonies
The Quakers
-This religion was a big part of life in the Middle Colonies. Although other religions were welcome, the Quakers came to Pennsylvania to escape persecution by the King of England.
-Lived in New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania

29. Quakers and Pennsylvania Quakers were Protestant reformers:
• They believed that all people were equal.
“... no persons who shall …be in any case molested or prejudiced ... because of ... conscientious persuasion or practice, nor be compelled to frequent or maintain any religious worship place or ministry contrary to ... their mind, or to do or suffer any other act or thing contrary to their religious persuasion.”
The Liberty Bell was cast in , by order of the Pennsylvania Assembly, to celebrate the 50th anniversary of William Penn's Charter of Privileges

30. Southern Colonies

31. Indigo– What is indigo? A plant that was used in making blue dye.
Vocabulary
Overseer– What is a overseer? Someone that was hired to watch slaves as they worked.
Plantation owners hired overseers to watch the slaves and make sure they did their jobs.
Indigo– What is indigo? A plant that was used in making blue dye.
The farmers grew indigo plants. Indigo was an important cash crop for the Southern colonies.

32. Southern Colonies
The settlers here, for the most part, wanted to make money.
They brought their families and the slaves worked the land.
Many settlers here were rich and owned large plantations. A Plantation grows only one type of crop. Very different from the farms of the Middle Colonies.

33. Economy Southern Colonies -almost entirely agricultural
-plantations were abundant
-A large part of the workforce was African slaves.
-Plantations grew tobacco, rice, and indigo.
Economy

34. Southern Colonies Facts
-Slavery was legal.
-Children born to slaves became slaves themselves.
-Slaves were imported from Africa.
-Slave traders made a great deal of money.

35. Colonial Life…

36. Facts About School
Boys normally went to grammar schools while girls went to dame school.
There were no chalkboards, maps, or paper.
School teachers were strict and were allowed to hit their students or make them wear a dunce hat if they were bad or said the wrong answer.

37. Other Facts About School
In the New England Colonies, children were taught to read so they could study the Bible. Boys got to also learn Latin and Math and other subjects to get into college. Girls could learn to read, but they weren't allowed to go to grammar school or to college.
In the Middle Colonies, most schools were private. Students also learned other subjects so they could get into college. Girls weren't allowed to attend (unless they were Quakers).
In the Southern Colonies, children were mostly taught at home. As in the other colonies, Southern girls did not go to higher schooling.

38. Sleigh Rides & Ice Skate
Free Time
Barn Raising
(was a social event!)
Make new clothes
Sleigh Rides & Ice Skate
Dances & Social Clubs
Plays

39. Conflict in the Colonies
As colonists settled and spread across New England, they entered land that was already lived on by Native Americans.

40. Conflict in the Colonies
The Native Americans and colonists began attacking each other’s villages.
They had very different ideas about owning land. Natives believed no one could own land while colonists believed you could own it if you claimed it.
Arguments began to lead to war resulting in lives lost. Some tribes were nearly completely wiped out because the English settlers had many advanced weapons.

41. THE AMERICAN COLONIES NEW ENGLAND COLONIES MIDDLE COLONIES
Region
Geography
Government & Economy
Religion & Society
NEW ENGLAND COLONIES
• Coastal areas with good harbors.
• Inland areas with dense forests.
• Poor rocky soil & short growing season.
•Small farms. Lumber mills.
Fishing, Shipbuilding and Trade flourished.
•Cities developed along coast.
•Most people organized as congregations. (Puritans)
•Lived on farms, Merchants controlled trade.
•Artisans made goods, unskilled workers and slaves provided labor.
MIDDLE COLONIES
•Fertile soil and long growing season.
•Rivers ran into backcountry.
•Colonies grew large amounts of rye, oats, barley, potatoes & wheat as cash crop.
•Cities on coast.
•Wealthiest people owned large farms & most business.
•Most farmers produced a small surplus.
•Tenants farmers rented land or worked for wages.
• Religious diversity: Catholic, Quaker, Protestant
SOUTHERN COLONIES
•Favorable climate and soil for agriculture.
•Wide rivers made cities unnecessary. “Plantations”
•Tobacco, rice & indigo grown on large plantations as cash crops.
•Wealthy elite controlled most land.
•Labor supply: indentured servants & African slaves.
Religion: Anglican

42. People of the Colonies Large Landowners Lived on plantations
Produced cash crops
Used slaves and indentured servant labor
Wealthy and educated
Slaves
Lived difficult lives
Did not choose to come to colonies
Once a slave / slave for life
Did not get paid
Worked on large plantations
Colonial Farmers
No slaves
Small farms
Raised live stock
Grew grain
In South grew rice, indigo, cotton, and tobacco
People of the Colonies
Artisans
Worked as craftsmen
Settled throughout the colonies
Indentured Servants
Contracted services in turn for cost of trip to America
After 3-5 years they were free
Women
Served in domestic roles
No political rights
Little chance of education

43. Study your vocabulary words. There is a quiz on the next page.
Vocabulary Quiz
Colony colonist Middle Colony slaves
Economy indigo persecution overseer
Study your vocabulary words.
There is a quiz on the next page.

44. Vocabulary Quiz Colony colonist Middle Colony slaves indigo
Economy persecution overseer
A plant used to make blue dye.
Someone hired to watch slaves.
A settler from a distant country.
Land overseas owned by another country.
A worker from Africa.
6. To punish people for their religious beliefs.
7. The Breadbasket Colonies.
8. How people make a living.

45. Vocabulary Quiz Answers: Indigo Overseer Colonist Colony slave
persecute
Middle Colonies
Economy

46. Fact & opinion
Decide which are facts and which are opinions.
On the next slide, decide if the statement is fact or opinion. Then, tell why.
Fact: A state that is supported by evidence and is true.
Opinion: A statement that tells what a person might believe or feel.

47. Decide which are facts and which are opinions.
Fact & opinion
Decide which are facts and which are opinions.
The settlers traded goods with each other.
Farming families were the best workers.
Slaves were owned by plantation owners.
Leaders during this time were excellent speakers.
The Quakers had the best ideas about religion.
If children misbehaved in school, they would be punished.
Trading is a better way to run a community than using money.
The Southern colonies had many plantations.

48. Fact & opinion Facts opinions
Write 3 facts and 3 opinions about the colonists and their lives by making a t-chart.
Facts opinions