1. Chapter 18 Food Resources

2. World Food Security  Poverty and Food  ________people are so poor they cannot afford proper nutrition 1.3 billion

3. Reason for Decline in Grain Stock  Rising temps  Falling water tables and droughts  Ethanol production  More grain is going towards feeding livestock  Increased meat consumption in developing countries

4. Animals as food  Constitute 40% of the calories consumed in developed countries  Only comprise 5% of calories consumed in developing countries

5. Vegetarianism

6.   One personal act that can have a profound impact on these issues is reducing meat consumption.   To produce 1 pound of feedlot beef requires about 2,400 gallons of water and 7 pounds of grain (42).   If all the grain currently fed to livestock in the United States were consumed directly by people, the number of people who could be fed would be nearly 800 million Vegetarianism

7. Principle Types of Agriculture  Industrialized agriculture  Modern methods that require large capital input, and less land and labor  Subsistence Agriculture  Traditional methods, dependent on labor and large amounts of land  Ex: shifting cultivation, Slash and burn agriculture, Nomadic herding, Intercropping

9.  Domestication and Genetic Diversity Challenges of Producing More Crop and Livestock Irish Potato Famine

10.  Pesticides  Selective breeding Challenges of Producing More Crop and Livestock

11. Challenges of Producing More  Increasing Livestock Yields  Hormone supplements  US and Canada  Not used in Europe  Antibiotics  40% of antibiotics produced in US are used in livestock operations http://www.foodincmovie.com/

12. Antibiotic Use and Resistance

13. Genetic Engineering

14. Genetically Modified Organisms  Add beneficial characteristics to crops  Additional nutrition  Resistance to pests  Drought resistances  Herbicides

15. Safety in Genetic Engineering  Concerns about GMOs?  GMOs are not currently labeled  Prop 37

16. Environmental Impacts of Agriculture

17. Solutions to Agricultural Problems- Sustainable Agriculture

19.  Overharvesting  Many species are at point of severe depletion  62% of world’s fish stock are in need of management action Fisheries of the World - Problems  No nation lays claim to open ocean

20. Fisheries of the World - Problems  Overharvesting  Bycatch killed off  Magnuson Fisheries Conservation Act http://www.montereybayaquarium.org/cr/seafoodwatch.aspx http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cyP41Ts2WeU

22. Fisheries of the World - Problems  Ocean Pollution -  Aquaculture waste