1. AEM 5333 UAV Search and Surveillance

2. Mission Description Overhead surveillance and tracking – Humans on foot – Moving vehicles Onboard GPS transceiver Onboard camera = autonomous + manual control capabilities

3. Flight Conditions Light weather capable – Clear to light precipitation and cloud cover. – Light winds gusts less than 10 mph Open terrain – Limited by line of sight telemetry Moderate air temperatures Service ceiling limited by telemetry

4. System Analysis: Requirements of mission profile Task elements – Acquire bearings – Acquire settings – Lock on to target – Compute optimum route between target and tracker using corresponding GPS coordinates – Acquire target using onboard optical sensors – Based on relative velocity of the target compute encircling trajectory within a predefined radius – Mission profile

5. Automation Automation in the task elements – Autonomous take off script – Climb to cruise altitude – Once airborne acquire GPS signal and establish communications – Compute optimum route to target – Once UAV and target GPS within predefined distance, descend to observation altitude and switch to optical mode. – Acquire visual signature of target. – Send “target acquired” signal. – Commence hold pattern. – Await for manual control override, else – Compute target velocity via optical tracking – Compute trajectory around target

6. Sample trajectory

7. Take off Climb Observation Alt 50 ft. AGL Cruise 200 ft AGL Land Cruise 200 ft AGL Descend Mission Profile

8. Payload Analysis Payload Functions Needed for Search/Surveillance/Tracking Missions – Flight Computer – IMU – GPS – RC Receiver – Telemetry (Live Video Capable Bandwidth) – Optical/IR/Agriculture Camera – Propulsion/Control Systems

9. Payload Operation Flight Computer – Capable of flight control and optical/GPS tracking GPS/IMU – GPS waypoints sent through ground transmitter on target Telemetry – Communication of live video, state, GPS, camera operation to ground receiver for tracking, camera operation Optical/IR/Agriculture Camera – Ability to move in 2-DOFs

10. Mission Profile and Payload Tracking and Surveillance – GPS Waypoint/Tracking – Optical Tracking – Live Video Transmission – Remote Camera Operation

11. Airframe Design Reference Higher aspect ratio – Increased efficiency leads to greater range and endurance Add dihedral to the wings – Dihedral increases both lateral and roll stability – Creates more stable platform for camera tracking and observation

12. Airframe Design Reference Higher powered engine – Increases maximum velocity for tracking faster targets – Allows for shorter take-offs Retractable Landing Gear – Smaller form and parasitic drag leads to increased range and endurance – Allows for unobstructed view of 360° camera

13. Airframe Design Reference Larger capacity battery – Larger energy storage for increased range and endurance Larger control surfaces – Allows for more control authority with smaller servo inputs