1. 1400 A.D.–1600 A.D.

2. [1348-1350] Black Death 60% of the population died [1400-1600] Age of Discovery Renaissance Period [1517] Protestant Reformation begins Martin Luther’s 95 Thesis. [1600- 1800] Trade Expansion between Europe, Asia, and Africa What are other important events within this time frame?

4. Science [1589] Galileo drops two balls of different masses off of the Tower Pisa Literature [1436] Invention of the Printing Press by Johannes Gutenberg Philosophy Humanism: Focus on physical world, human values and concerns, rather than divinity Visual Art [1508-1512] Michelangelo’s Sistine Chapel [1503] Leonardo da Vinci, Mona Lisa

5. Polyphony: a texture consisting of two or more independent melodic voices, as opposed to music with just one voice or music with one dominant melodic voice accompanied by chords. Music based on modes. Rich texture in 4 or more parts. Blending rather than contrasting strands in the musical texture. Harmony and chord progressions develop.

6. Sacred Genres: The Mass: Continued tradition in the Catholic church. Cantus Firmus Mass Imitation Mass Paraphrase Mass The Motet: Chant with an isorhythmic structure. Secular Genres: Madrigal French Chanson Lute Song Troubador Songs

7. Served in Canterbury Cathedral Composed and performed for Henry VIII, Edward VI, Queen Mary and Queen Elizabeth I. Remained Catholic in Anglican England. Worked with William Byrd.