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Published bySavannah Vaughan Modified over 11 years ago
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Acids and Bases
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What makes an Acid HCl HF H 2 SO 4 HNO 3 HCH 3 COO H 3 PO 4
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What makes a Base NaOH KOH Ca(OH) 2
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Homework Choose 3 of the acids – How do they make them? Choose NaOH or KOH – How do they make it? Due Wednesday…
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Special Case of Double Replacement Reaction HCl + NaOH
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Indicators A pH indicator is a halochromic chemical compound that is added in small amounts to a solution so that the pH (acidity or basicity) of the solution can be determined visually. Phenolpthalein pH paper Litmus paper
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IndicatorLow pH color Transition pH range High pH color Gentian violetGentian violet (Methyl violet 10B)Methyl violet 10B yellow0.0–2.0blue-violet Leucomalachite greenLeucomalachite green (first transition) yellow0.0–2.0green Leucomalachite greenLeucomalachite green (second transition) green11.6–14colorless Thymol blueThymol blue (first transition)red1.2–2.8yellow Thymol blue (second transition)yellow8.0–9.6blue Methyl yellowred2.9–4.0yellow Bromophenol blueyellow3.0–4.6purple Congo redblue-violet3.0–5.0red Methyl orangered3.1–4.4orange Bromocresol greenyellow3.8–5.4blue Methyl redred4.4–6.2yellow Methyl redred4.5–5.2green Azolitminred4.5–8.3blue
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Bromocresol purpleyellow5.2–6.8purple Bromothymol blueyellow6.0–7.6blue Phenol redyellow6.4–8.0red Neutral redred6.8–8.0yellow Naphtholphthalein colorless to reddish 7.3–8.7 greenish to blue Cresol Redyellow7.2–8.8 reddish- purple Phenolphthaleincolorless8.3–10.0fuchsia Thymolphthaleincolorless9.3–10.5blue Alizarine Yellow Ryellow10.2–12.0red
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Disclaimer Aloha I put together these power points for use in my science classes. You may use them in your classes. Some images are public domain, some are used under the fair-use provisions of the copyright law, some are mine. Copyright is retained by the owners! Ted Brattstrom
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