1. Professional Development: Whose responsibility is it anyway? Associate Professor Gillian Hallam Queensland University of Technology Brisbane, Australia ALA IRRT Panel Discussion Anaheim, 30 June 2008

2. Overview Introduction Background to the LIS sector in Australia A focus on some critical workforce issues A snapshot of a recent research project How Professional Development is encouraged and supported in Australia And whose responsibility is it anyway?

4. Australia: 7.7m sq km 21m population USA: 9.6m sq km 304m population Similar standards of living, birth rates, life expectancy etc

5. So, what is ‘the LIS sector’ in Australia? A complex domain –National Library and 8 State and Territory Libraries –1,800 public libraries –38 university libraries and 70 TAFE libraries –1,100 special libraries –9,500 school libraries Total workforce of 29,100 (ABS 2008) –12,300 librarians – 8,800 library technicians – 8,000 library assistants

6. Socio-economic issues on the horizon in Australia Unemployment dropping below 4% Ageing of the population –the baby boomers are all retiring Lower levels of fertility –fewer children = fewer workers in the future “Demographic change will develop into the challenge of replacing skilled older workers from a much smaller pool of younger workers” Professions Australia, 2005

7. Other issues impacting on the workforce in Australia The strength of the resources sector “In Western Australia, companies are offering incentives normally reserved for executive placements, such as housing, bonuses and high salaries, to attract cleaners” A movement away from tertiary education, with government funded student places unfilled Some professions have a higher proportion of mature workers, eg education, nursing, community services and libraries Reports of ageist and unsupportive workplaces – but new strategies in place to counterbalance this

9. Issues within the LIS sector (or sectors?) in Australia Increasing need for diverse specialisation across the different fields of LIS Growing anecdotal evidence about the difficulties recruiting staff with the right specialist skills Opportunities for employment of people with a broader skills base Debate about whether we actually have a ‘distinctive skill set Challenges within the higher education system Can formal education offerings support the full range of employment opportunities? And what about the attributes and qualities we need to be able to drive the profession forward?

10. Libraries of the 21 st Century Symposium “For those of us left in the profession, collaborative research and development is key to our future. Workforce analysis, especially around public library and academic library personnel is needed. We also need to undertake a current workforce skills audit and plan recruitment and education strategies for the library workforce of the 21 st century.” Dr Vicki Williamson State Library of Victoria February 2006

11. The neXus research project Two different, but interrelated, studies Stage One: Online survey of individuals 2346 responses Stage Two: Workforce policies and practices in institutions 101 responses Key stakeholders: –Queensland University of Technology (QUT) –Australian Library and Information Association (ALIA) –CAVAL Collaborative Solutions –National and State Libraries Australasia (NSLA)

12. Scope of the neXus project To respond to the need for a major study to capture data on: –Demographics –Education –Employment –Employment policies and practices –Training and development policies and practices To endeavour to develop “a comprehensive overview of the [LIS] professional resource issues, challenges and opportunities” (Professions Australia, 2005) To understand the issues that represent the nexus between education, curriculum, recruitment, retention, training and development to potentially sustain - and develop - the LIS workforce in Australia

13. Impact on training and development through interplay between: 1.New entrants who may wish to gain variety of experience and diverse employment opportunities 53% in current job for less than 5 years 29% in current job for less than 2 years Means more frequent hiring, induction and initial training 2.Stable workforce in mid to late career stages 20% in same job for more than 10 years Means little change in personnel but significant changes to tasks/functions, with associated training and development

14. Retirement of current workforce By 2010By 2015 All respondents16%32% Senior career / Senior manager25%64% Senior career / Middle manager29%53% Total retiring 2006-201532% cf 56 years and over 18% A significant number of people will take early retirement 12% of those planning to retire in next 3 years are under 45 However, 22% aged over 56 plan to work for more than 6 more years Changes to work processes by 2015? The ability to adapt and learn new skills is critical!

15. Key areas for attention ICT skills Management skills Leadership skills Academic research and higher degrees The development of management and leadership skills is challenged by: –Confusion existing between the concepts –Ongoing flattening of organisations and downgrading of professional positions to restrict the opportunity for individual experience and growth –Professional frustration with lack of career path –Lack of ambition, incentive and/or motivation to progress own career –Non-conducive organisational culture to encourage and foster career-long learning –The brain drain

16. Professional membership neXus1 respondents: members of ALIA42% Degree of professional involvement: Very often12% Often16% Sometimes25% Rarely18% Never18%

17. Professional engagement and professional development

21. ALIA Professional Development Scheme Professional Development (PD) is your strategy for success... lifelong learning that is unique to you Professional Development –Improves your ability to undertake your job –Helps you keep pace with changing technology and knowledge in the dynamic environment of the library and information sector –Ensures you maintain a competitive edge –Builds self esteem and enhances your career opportunities –Provides assurance to your employer and the community that you are keeping yourself up-to-date

22. Features of the ALIA PD Scheme Offered as a member benefit Open to all Associate and Library Technician members Founded on the belief that the ultimate motivation for professional knowledge and skills lies with the individual Voluntary participation, but mandatory compliance Utilises an easy-to-apply points system Extends over a three year period (triennium) –Min 30 points per annum –Min 120 points per triennium Has a range of supporting resources –Career Development Kit –User Guide

23. PD activities Details of how points are accrued and for what kinds of activities: Informal learning activities Professional reading Publications ALIA career development kit Personal study project Presentations and papers Work-based research projects Secondments Assessed short courses Aurora Leadership Institute Tertiary courses Contribution to ALIA A link to the online PD tracking database is available from each activity

25. Primary and shared responsibilities The individual Educators and training providers Employers The professional association

26. The individual You have an obligation to yourself to: –Keep up-to-date –Develop new skills, knowledge and confidence to ensure you have a successful and rewarding career –Demonstrate your commitment to being the best you can be –Provide professional service to your clients and employer –Enhance the profession's image

27. Educators and Training Providers Are encouraged to provide courses in library and information management: –to prepare graduates to enter the profession –with the core knowledge, skills and generic attributes –in order to deliver the highest-quality library and information services Are encouraged to provide and promote educational courses: –at entry-level for those 'starting out' –for ongoing professional development for those already working in the profession

28. Employers Have a responsibility to provide opportunities for ongoing learning through effective staff development programs Are encouraged to invest in PD: –to help you and the organisation operate at full capacity –to fill knowledge gaps, to grow and to adapt to change May provide help with fees or time off if there is a mutual benefit Can link PD to your Performance Evaluation... ALIA's Career Development Kit can support this

29. The Professional Association Helps you keep up-to-date and develop new knowledge and skills Supports you by developing tools and resources such as the ALIA PD scheme and ALIA Career Development Kit Organises partnerships with professional training providers and other professional associations to provide learning opportunities in library and information management Formally recognises members who participate in ALIA's professional development scheme Recognises and rewards high levels of achievement

30. Australian Library & Information Sector Our roles & responsibilities The professional association: The professional association has a responsibility to encourage, enable and reward the learning and professional development necessary for acquiring and maintaining professional excellence Employers: Employers have a responsibility to meet the ongoing learning and professional development needs necessary for maintaining professional excellence Educators: Educators have a responsibility to provide and promote the formal education courses and qualifications necessary for developing professional excellence Individuals: Individuals have a responsibility to ensure that they acquire and maintain the knowledge and skills necessary for professional excellence

31. Review of and reflection on PD National Advisory Congress 2008 meetings: key topics for discussion 1.What do we need to do to ensure that we have the skills for a future workforce? 2.What is the role of employers and employees in professional development? 3.How can the Association ‟ s PD Scheme be utilised to support this goal? 4.Can a compulsory PD Scheme benefit the profession? 5.What do you see is ALIA ‟ s role in these areas? How can we engage employers and employees? And other professional bodies and training organisations?

32. To conclude The development of effective managers and visionary and perceptive leaders is an integral part of the career development process Progressive retirement from the profession, with its associated loss of skills and experience, must be matched by incremental staff development strategies within it There is a close link between staff development and staff retention The ability to retain high quality staff requires: –A sharp focus on the qualities of the job itself –Alignment of staff with the jobs to be performed –A structured approach to timely and relevant training opportunities

33. The faster the pace of change, the greater the imperative for staff development If the LIS sector is to maximise the opportunities offered by the dynamic environment it operates in, then career-long learning becomes an imperative We need a culture of professional development, through formal and informal channels and through a vibrant professional life, if LIS is to be truly recognised as a ‘learning profession’

34. Questions and comments? To contact me: g.hallam@qut.edu.aug.hallam@qut.edu.au