1. Microcontroller based system design Asst. Prof. Dr. Alper ŞİŞMAN

2. Cortex Microcontroller Software Interface Standart (CMSIS) CMSIS is developed by ARM in close co-operation with various silicon and software vendors and provides a common approach to interface to peripherals, real-time operating systems, and middleware components. CMSIS defines the basic requirements to achieve software re-usability and portability The aims of CMSIS are to: – Improve software portability and re-usability. – Allow developers to write software quicker through an easy to use and standardized software interface – Allow embedded software to be used on multiple compiler products.

3. The area of standardization includes: Hardware Abstraction Layer (HAL) for Cortex-M processor registers with standardized definitions for the SysTick, NVIC, System Control Block registers, MPU registers, and core access functions. Standardized methods to organize header files that makes it easy to learn new Cortex-M microcontroller products and improve software portability. Common methods for system initialization to be used by each MCU vendor. For example, the standardized SystemInit() function, provided in each device driver library, is essential for configuring the clock. Standardized intrinsic functions that are normally used to produce instructions that cannot be generated by IEC/ISO C. By having standardized intrinsic functions, software re- usability and portability is greatly improved. Standardized ways to determine the system clock frequency through a software variable, SystemFrequency, defined in the device driver. Allows RTOS to setup the SysTick unit based on the system clock frequency.

4. CMSIS Organization

5. CMSIS Usage Core Peripheral Access Layer, Core intrinsic Functions (i.e. system clock configuration), Start up code: – System_stm32f4xx.c must be included – startup_stm32f40xx.s must be included Device specific interrupt and peripheral register definitions. – stm32f4xx.h must be included Periph. driver files: i.e. stm32f4xx_adc.c Header files of the drivers

6. Required Settings on Project:

7. The System Tick Timer SYSTICK Timer is a simple 24-bit down counter. The timer can be started and configured with an automatic reload value. If the timer is running and it's IRQ is enabled, it generates periodic interrupts When used with CMSIS, the System Tick timer is started and setup with the following function: – SysTick_Config (numberOfTicks)

8. The code that uses the systick: /*----------------------------------------------------------------------------- SysTick_Handler *----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ void SysTick_Handler (void) { msTicks++; // Increment counter } /*----------------------------------------------------------------------------- MAIN function *----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int main (void) { SystemInit (); // Initialize clocks SysTick_Config (SystemFrequency/1000); // Configure the SYSTICK while (1) {... }

9. Nested Vectored Interrupt Controller The Nested Vectored Interrupt Controller (NVIC) offers very fast interrupt handling and provides the vector table as a set of real vectors (addresses) The module is MISC function.

10. NVIC Init Structure definition http://www.disca.upv.es/aperles/arm_cortex_m3/curset/STM32F4xx_DSP_StdPeriph_Lib_V1.0. 1/html/group___m_i_s_c.html

11. GPIO Functions http://www.disca.upv.es/aperles/arm_cortex_m3/curset/STM32F4xx_DSP_StdPeriph_Lib_V1.0.1/ht ml/group___g_p_i_o___group2.html

12. GPIO Init Structure http://www.disca.upv.es/aperles/arm_cortex_m3/curset/STM32F4xx_DSP_StdPeriph_Lib_V1.0. 1/html/struct_g_p_i_o___init_type_def.html

13. ADC Functions

14. Initialization and Configuration functions -Initialize and configure the ADC Prescaler - ADC Conversion Resolution (12bit..6bit) - Scan Conversion Mode (multichannels or one channel) for regular group - ADC Continuous Conversion Mode (Continuous or Single conversion) for regular group - External trigger Edge and source of regular group, - Converted data alignment (left or right) - The number of ADC conversions that will be done using the sequencer for regular channel group - Multi ADC mode selection - Direct memory access mode selection for multi ADC mode - Delay between 2 sampling phases (used in dual or triple interleaved modes) - Enable or disable the ADC peripheral

15. http://www.disca.upv.es/aperles/arm_cortex_m3/curset/STM32F4xx_DSP_StdPeriph_Lib_V1.0. 1/html/group___a_d_c___group1.html

16. Regular channels conf. functions http://www.disca.upv.es/aperles/arm_cortex_m3/curset/STM32F4xx_DSP_StdPeriph_Lib_V1.0. 1/html/group___a_d_c___group4.html

17. DMA configuration funct. http://www.disca.upv.es/aperles/arm_cortex_m3/curset/STM32F4xx_DSP_StdPeriph_Lib_V1.0. 1/html/group___a_d_c___group5.html

18. ADC Structures ADC Common Init structure

19. ADC Init structure

21. Direct Memory Access (DMA)

23. DMA init structures