1. Ancient Greece Study Cards

2. What is the word for the territories of Ancient Greece?

3. Polis or city-states Polis or city-states

4. Describe Greek city states.

5. Mostly surrounded by farmland Mostly surrounded by farmland No more than 20,000 people No more than 20,000 people Covered approximately 100sq miles Covered approximately 100sq miles Mostly near Aegean Sea Mostly near Aegean Sea Spoke mostly Greek Spoke mostly Greek

6. What is aristocracy?

7. Few noble or upper-class families hold power Few noble or upper-class families hold power Means “rule of the best” Means “rule of the best”

8. What is tyranny?

9. One man is the dictator One man is the dictator Seizes power illegally Seizes power illegally

10. What is oligarchy?

11. Ruled by few rich men Ruled by few rich men Means “rule by few” Means “rule by few”

12. What is democracy?

13. Power is shared by large number of citizens Power is shared by large number of citizens Citizens debate, decide policy and elect officials Citizens debate, decide policy and elect officials

14. Which form of government became the pattern for most city-states?

15. democracy democracy

16. What was the Athenian Assembly?

17. The group that passed laws, levied taxes and voted on issues of war and peace The group that passed laws, levied taxes and voted on issues of war and peace

18. What was most important to Spartans?

19. Military ability Military ability

20. Which god was honored by the Olympic games?

21. Zeus Zeus

22. What was the Olympic Truce?

23. A time of no fighting A time of no fighting

24. What caused the Persian Wars?

25. The people of Miletus rebelled against Persian rule and asked the Greeks to overthrow Persia The people of Miletus rebelled against Persian rule and asked the Greeks to overthrow Persia

26. What happened at the battle of Marathon?

27. The Greeks defeated the Persians even though they were badly outnumbered The Greeks defeated the Persians even though they were badly outnumbered

28. What happened at the battle of Thermopylae?

29. A Greek traitor told the Persians how to surround the Greek army along the narrow pass A Greek traitor told the Persians how to surround the Greek army along the narrow pass

30. How did the Greeks win the battle of Salamis?

31. The Greeks led the Persians through shallow waters – their boats got stuck and were easy targets for the Greeks The Greeks led the Persians through shallow waters – their boats got stuck and were easy targets for the Greeks

32. Name Pericles’ major accomplishments.

33. Strengthened democracy by convincing Athenians to pay citizens for government work, allowing poor citizens to participate in government Strengthened democracy by convincing Athenians to pay citizens for government work, allowing poor citizens to participate in government Encouraged the rebuilding of the acropolis after it had been destroyed in the Persian wars Encouraged the rebuilding of the acropolis after it had been destroyed in the Persian wars Patron of the arts and supported dramatists, painters, sculptors, and architects Patron of the arts and supported dramatists, painters, sculptors, and architects

34. What is the Acropolis?

35. A complex of buildings that overlooked Athens A complex of buildings that overlooked Athens

36. What is the most famous building in the Acropolis?

37. The Parthenon The Parthenon

38. Which god did the Parthenon honor?

39. Athena Athena

40. What was the Peloponnesian League?

41. An alliance of city-states which included Sparta An alliance of city-states which included Sparta Named for Peloponnesus, a mountainous peninsula where Sparta, Thebes, and Corinth were located Named for Peloponnesus, a mountainous peninsula where Sparta, Thebes, and Corinth were located Designed to counteract Athenian supremacy Designed to counteract Athenian supremacy

42. What started the Peloponnesian War?

43. Relations between Athens and the Peloponnesian League began to deteriorate Relations between Athens and the Peloponnesian League began to deteriorate

44. What was Athens war strategy?

45. Use their strong navy and avoid land battle Use their strong navy and avoid land battle

46. Who won the Peloponnesian War?

47. Who won the Peloponnesian War and who lost? Sparta, the Peloponnesian League, won Sparta, the Peloponnesian League, won Athens lost Athens lost

48. What happened to Athens because they lost the war?

49. They had to tear down their city walls They had to tear down their city walls They lost their navy They lost their navy Democracy was banned Democracy was banned A Spartan king was put in charge A Spartan king was put in charge

50. How was Socrates different from earlier philosophers?

51. He was less concerned about where the world came from He was less concerned about where the world came from He was more concerned with how humans ought to behave He was more concerned with how humans ought to behave

52. What is the Socratic method?

53. A teaching method where the teacher asks a series of questions leading the student to discover the answer for him or herself A teaching method where the teacher asks a series of questions leading the student to discover the answer for him or herself

54. How did Socrates die?

55. He was put on trial for misleading young Athenian men He was put on trial for misleading young Athenian men He was sentenced to death He was sentenced to death He was poisoned He was poisoned

56. How did Plato differ from Socrates?

57. Plato used traditional teaching methods Plato used traditional teaching methods He taught in an academy rather than the streets He taught in an academy rather than the streets He was more concerned about what the ideal of goodness was than about helping people realize how they were living He was more concerned about what the ideal of goodness was than about helping people realize how they were living

58. List Aristotle’s major contributions to society.

59. He developed the basics of scientific research by collecting facts, analyzing them, and developing theories He developed the basics of scientific research by collecting facts, analyzing them, and developing theories He wrote books on how to lead good and just lives He wrote books on how to lead good and just lives He wrote books on government and said “the purpose of the state was to make the good life possible for its slaves” He wrote books on government and said “the purpose of the state was to make the good life possible for its slaves”

60. What is the Hellenistic period?

61. The period after Alexander’s death, when Greek culture spread to the Mediterranean world The period after Alexander’s death, when Greek culture spread to the Mediterranean world

62. What is the library of Alexandria?

63. A library with more than 700,000 scrolls A library with more than 700,000 scrolls Attracted many thinkers of the ancient world Attracted many thinkers of the ancient world