1. Greek and Roman Governments Unit 1, SSWH 3 a and b

2. SSWH 3 a & b
Compare the origins and structure of the Greek polis, the Roman Republic, and the Roman Empire.
Identify the ideas and impact of important individuals; include Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle and describe the diffusion of Greek culture by Aristotle’s pupil Alexander the Great and the impact of Julius and Augustus Caesar.

3. Why are modern societies based on the achievements of the Romans and the Greeks?

4. Similarities In Greece
—Social status determines participation in govt p
—Early Gov’t was strong monarchies
In Rome
—voting Rights: Land owning male citizens

5. Greek Polis Polis: Greek city-state fundamental political unit
Origins:
City-state: Greeks were isolated
Early History from Homer’s Epics
Trojan War—Defines Society
Persian War—Unites Greeks

6. Greek Govt
Structure:
Acropolis: citizens gathered to discuss govt issues
Different types of govt Athenian govt (most famous): direct democracy
Democracy: a govt where the citizens control it

7. End of Golden Age
Greece and democracy ended because of constant military defeats p
Peloponnesian War—Sparta v. Athens
Macedonian King invades—Phillip II (his son is Alexander)

8. Roman Govt
Republic: govt in which power rests with citizens who have the right vote (representatives)
Origins
12 Tables: written law code: all free citizens (males) were protected by the law p. 151 – 154, 165

9. Structure:
Senate composed of Patricains (land owners)
2 Consuls (executive branch of Gov’t)
1st Triumvirate (Crassus, Pompey, & Caesar)
Triumvirate declined: Caesar & Pompey went to war
Caesar becomes Dictator of Rome

10. Greek Philosophers Socrates:
Believed that absolute standards did exist for truth & justice
Wanted people to think about their values & actions p.131

11. Plato: Believed in a perfectly governed society p. 131
Student of Socrates
Believed in a perfectly governed society
p. 131

12. Aristotle:
Student of Plato
Questioned the natural world, human belief, thought, & knowledge
Developed: rules of logic (scientific method)
Teacher of Alexander the Great
p.131

13. Political Leaders Alexander the Great: Conquered a large empire
Student of Aristotle: taught him all about Greece
Conquered a large empire
Established several Hellenistic (blended) societies
Encouraged learning

14. Julius Caesar: Triumvirate declined: Caesar & Pompey went to war
1st Triumvirate (Crassus, Pompey, & Caesar)
Triumvirate declined: Caesar & Pompey went to war
Dictator of Rome
Assassinated by Senators: Caesar had to much power p. 158

15. Augustus Caesar (Octavian):
August means “exalted one”
Avenged Julius Caesar’s death
2nd Triumvirate (Lepidus, Mark Antony, Octavian)
Most able ruler: stabilized the republic, beautified the city, enduring govt
Pax Romana: peace & prosperity – 207 yrs. p

16. Prepare to share in one minute
Ticket Out the Door
Why are modern societies based on the achievements of the Romans and Greeks?
Jot answer
Prepare to share in one minute