1. 1 A Cross-Layering Design for IPv6 Fast Handover Support in an IEEE 802.16e Wireless MAN Youn-Hee Han, Heejin Jang, JinHyeock Choi, Byungjoo Park and Janise McNair IEEE Network, 2007

2. 2 Outline Introduction Introduction IEEE 802.16e WMAN Deployment Architecture and Handover Procedures IEEE 802.16e WMAN Deployment Architecture and Handover Procedures Fast Handover for Mobile IPv6 (FMIPv6) Fast Handover for Mobile IPv6 (FMIPv6) Cross-layering Design for FMIPv6 over IEEE 802.16e Cross-layering Design for FMIPv6 over IEEE 802.16e Main Factors of Handover Latency Main Factors of Handover Latency Concluding Remarks Concluding Remarks

3. 3 Introduction IEEE 802.16e standard adds mobility support to the original standard. IEEE 802.16e standard adds mobility support to the original standard. Handover is the process of maintaining the active sessions of a mobile terminal Handover is the process of maintaining the active sessions of a mobile terminal When terminal(MS) changes its point of attachment to the access network. When terminal(MS) changes its point of attachment to the access network.

4. 4 Introduction (cont’) There are two types of handovers for the IEEE 82.16e network environment There are two types of handovers for the IEEE 82.16e network environment Link layer handover Link layer handover Reside in the same IP subnet. Reside in the same IP subnet. The terminal need only re-establish a link layer connection without changing its IP configuration. The terminal need only re-establish a link layer connection without changing its IP configuration. IP layer handover IP layer handover Reside in different IP subnet or in different networks. Reside in different IP subnet or in different networks. Must establish new link layer connection and new IP configuration. Must establish new link layer connection and new IP configuration.

5. 5 IP Layer Handover IP layer handover for mobile terminal is handled by mobile IPv6(MIPv6). IP layer handover for mobile terminal is handled by mobile IPv6(MIPv6). Doesn ’ t solve the handover latency problem for IEEE 802.16e. Doesn ’ t solve the handover latency problem for IEEE 802.16e. It acts as a location and routing-path management protocol. It acts as a location and routing-path management protocol. With IPv6 alone, three main procedure will result in large delay: With IPv6 alone, three main procedure will result in large delay: Movement detection Movement detection Address configuration and confirmation Address configuration and confirmation Location registration and return routability Location registration and return routability Fast MIPv6 was design to reduce or eliminate packet loss and handover delay in MIPv6. Fast MIPv6 was design to reduce or eliminate packet loss and handover delay in MIPv6.

6. 6 IEEE 802.16e Deployment Architecture Support only PHY and link layer functionality Centralize Control the subnet

7. 7 IEEE 802.16e Deployment Architecture

8. 8 IEEE 802.16e Handover Procedure

9. 9 FMIPv6 The primary goal of FMIPv6 is to eliminate the delay on IPv6 The primary goal of FMIPv6 is to eliminate the delay on IPv6 Movement detection Movement detection Address configuration Address configuration FMIPv6 enable a terminal to quickly detect when it is moving to a new subnet. FMIPv6 enable a terminal to quickly detect when it is moving to a new subnet. Two different mode Two different mode Predictive fast handover Predictive fast handover Reactive fast handover Reactive fast handover

10. 10 Predictive Mode

11. 11 Predictive Flowchart If terminal found new Access point, terminal will send Router Solicitation for Proxy Advertisement to access router, to request current access router send the prefix information of access router by Proxy Router Advertisement. Because terminal get prefix information of new network, terminal can create new Care of Address, and send the Information to current access router by fast binding update. Handover Initiation Handover Acknowledgement Fast Neighbor Advertisement

12. 12 Reactive Flowchart

13. 13 Add FMIPv6 If the terminal moves to a different subnet If the terminal moves to a different subnet Re-configure a new IP address Re-configure a new IP address Re-establish its IP connection Re-establish its IP connection The terminal must conduct a network layer mobility mechanism. The terminal must conduct a network layer mobility mechanism. To resume the active session after link layer handover procedure. To resume the active session after link layer handover procedure.

14. 14 Cross-Layering Design Trigger IP layer module. Trigger IP layer module.

15. 15 Cross-Layering Design Handover Initiation. Handover Initiation.

16. 16 Cross-Layering Design Handover Execution. Handover Execution.

17. 17 Cross-Layering Design Handover Completion Handover Completion

18. 18

19. 19

20. 20 Handover Latency MAC layer delay: the time from MOB_HO- IND to network re-entry complete. MAC layer delay: the time from MOB_HO- IND to network re-entry complete. D 1 : the time from terminal receiving FBAck to sending MOB_HO-IND message. D 1 : the time from terminal receiving FBAck to sending MOB_HO-IND message. D 2 : the time from receiving LINK_UP event until sending FNA message. D 2 : the time from receiving LINK_UP event until sending FNA message. D 3 : the time from sending FNA message until receiving the first packet from the target AR. D 3 : the time from sending FNA message until receiving the first packet from the target AR.

21. 21 Handover Latency D 4 : the time from sending FNA message until receiving the first packet from target AR. D 4 : the time from sending FNA message until receiving the first packet from target AR. Predictive mode: Predictive mode: MAC layer delay+D 1 +D 2 +D 3 MAC layer delay+D 1 +D 2 +D 3 Reactive mode: Reactive mode: MAC layer delay+D 2 +D 4 MAC layer delay+D 2 +D 4

22. 22 Concluding Remarks Presented two handover protocols for IP layer and MAC layer used in mobile network. Presented two handover protocols for IP layer and MAC layer used in mobile network. Created a cross-layer design to enable proper FMIPv6 with the IEEE 802.16e handover process. Created a cross-layer design to enable proper FMIPv6 with the IEEE 802.16e handover process. Provided three events and one command for supporting interaction between IP layer and MAC layer handover procedure. Provided three events and one command for supporting interaction between IP layer and MAC layer handover procedure.