1. Class Starter
What is the difference between arteries, veins, and capillaries?
What is the atherosclerosis?
What are three effects of this condition?
What are the 4 parts that make up the blood?

2. 37.2 BLOOD

3. Blood Basics
Blood is a type of connective tissue containing both dissolved substances and specialized cells
Collects oxygen from lungs, nutrients from the digestive system, and wastes from the tissues

4. Blood Basics
Helps regulate body’s internal environment (body temperature)
Can clot to repair damaged blood vessels
Can fight infection

5. Blood Plasma
Straw colored liquid made of 90% water and 10% dissolved gases, salts, nutrients, enzymes, hormones, wastes, and plasma proteins
Plasma
Platelets
White blood cells
Red blood cells

6. Plasma Proteins Three different types of plasma proteins Albumins
Helps regulate osmotic pressure and blood volume
Transports substance (fatty acids, hormones, and vitamins)
Globulins
Some fight viral and bacterial infections
Fibrinogen
Responsible for ability to clot blood

7. Red Blood Cells Erythrocytes Most numerous blood cell in the blood
Do not contain nuclei or other organelles when they are mature
Most numerous blood cell in the blood
Produced in the bone marrow
Transport oxygen
Contains hemoglobin
Iron containing protein that
oxygen binds to
Gives blood its color

8. Blood Types
Each individual has a blood type that is determined by the presence or absence of proteins called antigens on the red blood cell
Blood types include
A blood – have the A antigen on the RBC
B blood – have the B antigen on the RBC
AB blood – has both the A and B antigen on the RBC
O blood – does not have either A or B antigens on the RBC

10. Blood Transfusions
When serious injury occurs and blood is needed to be injected into patient, blood types must match or be compatible
If not compatible, the blood cells will react in a process called agglutination
Blood cells stick together

11. Review Questions What makes up the majority of the blood?
What the 3 plasma proteins and their function?
Who can receive blood from an A blood type donor?
Who can donate blood to a B blood type person?
Who can receive blood from anyone?
Who can donate blood to anyone?

12. White Blood Cells Leukocytes Produced in the bone marrow
Contain nuclei
Can be found outside of
the circulatory system in
the lymphatic system
Produced in the bone marrow
Guard against infection, fight parasites, and attack bacteria

13. Platelets and Blood Clotting
Platelets are cell fragments
that contain clotting factor
Come in contact with edges
of broken vessels and begin to
stick together
Release clotting factor which
starts the blood clotting process
Thromboplastin, prothrombin, thrombin, and fibrinogen are all used in clotting blood

14. Break in Capillary Wall
Clumping of Platelets
Platelets clump at the site and release thromboplastin. Thromboplastin converts prothrombin into thrombin..
Clot Forms
Thrombin converts fibrinogen into fibrin, which causes a clot. The clot prevents further loss of blood..
Break in Capillary Wall
Blood vessels injured.

15. Hemophilia
Genetic disorder that results from a defective protein in the clotting pathway
People cannot produce blood clots
Can be treated with injections of the missing clotting factor

16. Lymphatic System
The lymphatic system is a system of vessels, nodes, and organs that collect any fluid lost by the blood
It returns this fluid (lymph) back into the circulatory system in the superior vena cava
Main organs of the lymphatic system are the thymus and the spleen

17. Superior vena cava
Thymus
Heart
Thoracic duct
Spleen
Lymph nodes
Lymph vessels