1. Carolyn Enquist, Science & Applications Coordinator USA-National Phenology Network NMFWA 11 March 2014

2. Climate-Smart Conservation Cycle

3. 1.Helps guide adjustments in strategies and actions  Evaluation of efficacy 2. Helps provide context for understanding climate-related impacts and vulnerabilities in the context of adaptive management  Helps reduce uncertainty Stein et al. “ClimateSmart Conservation Quick Guide” (full document in prep.) “Unpacking” Monitoring

4. Towards developing a Climate-informed Monitoring Plan as a key adaptation action to optimize investment in efforts “Unpacking” Monitoring Photo by Christy Wolf

5. Evaluate and optimize existing efforts relative to climate-informed management goals & objectives; identify gaps & opportunities “Unpacking” Monitoring Photo by Christy Wolf

6. The C-I monitoring cycle 7. Tracking change and strategy effectiveness 7a. Review monitoring efforts relative to management 7b. Align with relevant regional impacts (Hypotheses of change) 7c. Adjust or change monitoring target 7d. Optimize strategy

7. What to monitor? Essential Biodiversity Variables (EBVs) — Pereira et al. 2013, Science EBV CLASSEBV EXAMPLES (1) Genetic compositionAllelic diversity, phenotypes (2) Species populationsAbundance & distribution (3) Species traitsPhenology (4) CompositionTaxonomic diversity, functional types (5) Ecosystem structureHabitat structure (6) Ecosystem functionEcosystem processes

8. An example 7. Tracking change and strategy effectiveness 7a. Fire Suppression & Use as Tool 7b. Increased fire frequency, intensity, & season length (ecosystem process EBV) 7c. Monitor length of growing season (GDD) & phenology of fuels 7d. Optimize pre-season fuel treatment windows & post-fire soils & vegetation treatments Regional Climate: warmer, drier, increased frequency of extreme weather events Regional Climate: warmer, drier, increased frequency of extreme weather events Optimize Wildland Response Team Preparedness

9. An example 7. Tracking change and strategy effectiveness 7a. Riparian habitat restoration 7b. Altered hydrological processes, Timing of green up (ecosystem process & phenology EBVs) 7c. Monitor timing of peak flow, timing of leaf-out along riparian corridor 7d. Optimize water allocation throughout season & shading via plantings & built structures Regional Climate: warmer, drier, increased frequency of extreme weather events Regional Climate: warmer, drier, increased frequency of extreme weather events Optimize habitat for SW Willow Flycatcher

10. “Adapt, improvise, and overcome.” ─ T.C. Cummings, Mind of a SEAL