1. Periodic Table & Trends
Objective: To understand the physical and chemical properties of atoms based on their position on the Periodic Table
NC Essential Standards 1.3
What does “periodic” mean?

2. Elements: Basic Building Blocks
Hunting for Elements – (intro – 4 minutes)
2 hours

3. A Chemist’s Most Useful Tool How can we use the Periodic Table to understand the properties of elements?

4. Periodic Means:
Knowing the _____________ __________ in the Periodic Table, we can predict:
How easily it will react,
How it will form a compound,
The type of compound it will form,
The number of atoms of each element in the compound.
The elements in the Periodic Table are arranged across the table according to their __________ __________.
It identifies the ___________ (based on the number of
____________).

5. Periodic Table
Also see Review & Dig Deeper on webpage
A scientist who was important in the development of the Periodic Table is ______________________.

6. Electron Arrangement impacts the shape of the Periodic Table
Periods
Groups
Blocks

7. Elements are arranged in Periods (_____) according to the total number of _________ _________ for their electrons.
b. The Periodic Table can be divided into 4 blocks based on electron configurations for the elements.
Groups Val electrons
Block S
Block P
Block D
Block F 7

8. Valence e-
Electron dot
Periods
Representative elements(main group) are elements in groups 1 & 2; These valence electrons are in the _____ & ________ sublevels.

9. S, P, D, F Blocks
Periods 18

10. Understanding of Metals vs. Non-metals
Examples Metals Non-metals
Properties
Physical
Chemical
What do you already know? – Sort terms

11. Understanding metals vs. non-metals video segment
Science film segment
YouTube – reactivity – based on position on PT
Clips showing reactivity
Slides – good pictures but no sound

12. Understanding Metals vs. Non-metals Physical Properties
Black Study Guide
Metals: p. 47
Non-metals: p. 50
Sort terms for metals vs. non-metals

13. Metals Metalloids Non-metals Physical & Chemical Properties
Blend of Metal & Non-metal
Semi-conductors

14. Element Song http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zUDDiWtFtEM
Educational CyberPlayGround ®: K-12 Interdisciplinary Curriculum

15. Element Groups
Elements are arranged in groups (____________) according to the number of their ___________ _____________
Definition:
Elements in the same group have _________ __________ properties. 15

16. Group Names: describe their properties
Hydrogen is unique!
Groups important to know:
Groups ,15,16,17,18 16

17. Representative (main group) elements are:17

18. Element Groups & Properties
Name
Group #
Chemical Properties
Alkali Metals
Alkaline Earth
Metals
Transition metals
Halogens
Noble Gases

19. Looking at Periodic Trends

20. Atomic Size Rules: *As you go down a group the size increases.
*As you go across a period, the size SLIGHTLY decreases.

21. Let’s Review Ions Ion Formation base on electron configuration
Metal or non-metal? Lose or Gain?
Compare atom & ion
Electron configuration and Electron Dot Notation
Additional practice
Using Lewis Diagrams – How do we know how many dots to use?
Ex) C

22. Representing Ions
Ions are formed when the __________ electrons are lost or gained.
Metals ________ valence electrons to form
_______ ions, called __________.
Non-metals _______ valence electrons until they have 8 and form _______ ions, called
__________.

23. Comparing atoms & ions Element Atomic Symbol Electron Configuration
Circle valence electrons
Electron Dot Diagram
Ion
Name
Ionic Symbol

24. How do metal atoms lose electrons? Ionization energy
Ground State, Excited State, Ionization energy
Lithium 24

25. Ionization energy:

26. How do non-metal atoms gain electrons? Electronegativity
Large metal atom Small non-metal atom 26

27. Electronegativity:

28. Forming Compounds
Metal & Nonmetal come together to form a ______________ ______________ .
Many formula units are held together to make an _______ compound.

29. 6. Octet Rule Atoms tend to ______, ______, or _______
electrons in order to have _____ valence electrons.
_______ valence electrons gives stability.
Exception:
Duet rule: 29

30. Periodic Trend Animation
Atomic size
Ionic size
Ionization
Electronegativity
For later used: bond formation

31. Trends for Ionization Energy & Electronegativity Arrows to show trends for metals & non-metals
Reactivity: trends for metals and non-metals

32. 7. Reactivity
Group 18 (also called the _______________) already have ___ valence electrons. They are ____________ and do not ________________ to form compounds.
ALSO CALLED INERT (Non-reactive)
Group 1 (called ____________) are the most reactive metals because:
Group 17 (called ___________) are the
most reactive nonmetals because: 32

33. Atomic Size Rules: *As you go down a group the size increases.
*As you go across a period, the size SLIGHTLY decreases.

34. Trends for Ionization Energy & Electronegativity Arrows to show trends for metals & non-metals
Reactivity: trends for metals and non-metals

35. Ca vs. Br C vs. Sn F vs. I Si vs. Cl Na vs. P Li vs. K
Predicting Properties of Elements
- based on the position on the Periodic Table : Size; IE; EN
Property: which element has the largest value?
Ca vs. Br C vs. Sn F vs. I Si vs. Cl
Na vs. P Li vs. K
Be vs. O S vs. Ar
Al vs. S Ne vs. Kr
B vs. Al B vs. Ne