1. Prof. Adel S Abduljabbar Dept. of psychology College of education King saud university Mobile 00966555497001 Email a-abduljabbar@yahoo.coma-abduljabbar@yahoo.com Site:www.profadel.com 10/10/20151

2. Motivation Thinking About Motivation

3. objectives Define motivation Type of motivation How to improve motivation 10/10/20153

4. Motivation Motivation: DEFINITION: From the Latin verb movere (to move). Motivation is the process whereby goal-directed activity is instigated and sustained. Why do students set and sustain goals? 10/10/20154

5. One Part of the Answer: The Ideal Self Goals are about where we want to be. which goals we set which goals we value and which goals we keep working at. Goals are related to who we WANT TO BE. 10/10/20155

6. Moving From the Actual to the Ideal For many students there is a discrepancy between who they are and who they want to become… …it can be motivating if students think they can change. if they can make connections between the present and the future. …or devastating if students don’t think they can change if they are too focused on the present. 10/10/20156

7. Why do students think they can or can’t change? Beliefs about Ability! Your ability changes over time Your ability is set at birth Beliefs about Ability lead to goal orientations. Mastery Performance 10/10/20157

8. Why would someone want to master the task? Mastery is INTERNALLY motivating Internal motivation: wanting to do something just because it is—in and of itself—enjoyable! Why are things enjoyable? Interest Competence Curiosity Relatedness Autonomy 10/10/20158

9. What Hurts Internal Motivation? Controlling rewards Threats and deadlines Evaluation and surveillance Rule of thumb: If someone else made you – it’s not internal motivation – it’s External motivation. 10/10/20159

10. What’s wrong with External Motivation? It’s External 10/10/201510

11. How do I support student motivation through writing? Application Essay Students need to make connections to their own lives. Students need to make those connections themselves. Group Essays Tuesday – lecture (1.5 hrs): Students write essay questions concerning the weeks set of readings. Thursday—Groupwork (1.5 hrs): Students assigned to 4-5 person groups, work together each week. I take students’ questions from Tuesday and construct 5 questions for Thursday group assignment. Each group completes an essay (of their choice), in collaboration. The essay AND collaborations are evaluated. 10/10/201511