1. THE CRUSADES “Holy Wars”

2. Question How is it that normal, reasonable humans living during the Middle Ages, could become such evil, monsters during the Crusades?

3. CAUSES 

4. In the 1050s the Muslim Turks invaded the Byzantine Empire

5. The Turks overran Jerusalem

6. The Byzantine Emperor was Alexius I

7. The Pope in Europe was Urban II

8. Alexius I asked Pope Urban for help

9. Pope Urban thought by helping Alexius he would also: Increase his power in Europe Heal the split (schism) between the Roman an Byzantine churches Unite the Christians in fighting the Muslims rather than each other

10. EFFECTS 

11. Thousands of Knights volunteered Some did it out of religious zeal Some hoped for wealth and land Some wanted to leave problems at home Some yearned for adventure

12. First Crusade Christian Knights conquer Jerusalem

13. Second Crusade Saladin leads Muslims to retake Jerusalem

14. Third Crusade Richard the Lion- Hearted led Christian knights in attacking Jerusalem but fail to retake it

15. The Fourth Crusade Christian Knights on their way to Jerusalem get into a fight with Byzantine knights The Christian Knights from Europe back up Venetian traders The Byzantine Knights back up the Byzantine traders

16. The Results Christian knights from Europe take and loot Constantinople

17. Meanwhile… Muslim warriors attack and retake all the land the earlier Crusades captured

18. Violence and hatred Both the Christians and Muslims massacred innocent Muslim, Christians and Jews during the Crusades This caused a legacy of religious hatred between the groups

19. Increased Trade Crusaders returned home with new items such as fabrics, spices and perfumes When the Crusades ended the Europeans desired more of these interesting items

20. Travel Europeans look Outward Marco….

21. Learning Europeans are introduced to Muslim advances and are reintroduced to Greco-Roman learning http://www.regentsprep.org/Regents/global/themes/goldenages/islam.cfm They witness the Islamic Golden Age=

22. “Pilgrims in Arms” http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t00wCd Ngb5Qhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t00wCd Ngb5Q

23. Review +Other Examples of Religious Conflict: http://www.regentsprep.org/Regents/global /themes/conflict/religious.cfmhttp://www.regentsprep.org/Regents/global /themes/conflict/religious.cfm