1. Solar System
Large planetary system consisting of a combination of many smaller planetary systems and objects

2. Constellation of Capricorn Photographed by the Hubble Space Telescope -- is made up of one large spiral galaxy, an elliptical galaxy and at least one smaller spiral.

3. History of Astronomy

4. Milky Way Galaxy

5. Greeks and Romans
Looked to the Sky for their Gods:
All Planets named after Roman Gods Except Earth
Identified 7-Wandering Stars: 5-Planets, Sun, Moon

6. Geocentric Model
GREEKS AND ROMANS BELIEVED WE WERE THE CENTER OF THE UNIVERSE…
Ptolemy: Greek astronomer that created the GEOCENTRIC MODEL
GEOCENTRIC MODEL Earth at Center of Universe

7. Heliocentric Model Heliocentric model puts Sun at Center of Universe
In 1543Polish Astronomer Named Copernicus was First to Publish his beliefs.
Many people…Especially the Church were not happy!!

8. Galileo DID NOT DISCOVER TELESCOPE
First to see Jupiter's moons 4- of them!!
Observed Venus’s phases: Proved Heliocentric Model was Correct
Observed the moons craters and “seas”
Like everyone else… Galileo thought orbits were ROUND!

9. Kepler Kepler created the motion of elliptical orbits.
Elliptical orbits are oval shaped…NOT perfect circles
Like many before him…His Ideas were met by non-believers

10. Sir Isaac Newton
Sir Isaac Newton concluded that Inertia and Gravity kept planets in orbit
ORBIT: Path an object takes as it REVOLVES around another object
INERTIA: tendency for an object in motion to remain in motionOR an object at rest to remain at rest
GRAVITY: Force that pulls one object towards another

11. Gravity & Inertia
ORBIT: Path an object takes as it REVOLVES around another object
INERTIA: tendency for an object in motion to remain in motion OR an object at rest to remain at rest
GRAVITY: Force that pulls one object towards another

12. Rotation vs. Revolution
ROTATION: (DAY) Spinning motion about an axis
REVOLUTION: (YEAR) The movement of one object around another object

13. Terrestial Planets
These planets have Solid Surfaces
3 out of 4 have Atmosphere.
They are Smaller in Size and Diameter
Less Dense than the Jovial Planets

14. Mercury Distance from Sun: 58 million km
Named After the Roman messenger of Gods
MOST Extreme temperatures: ˚ C During Day : -170˚C at Night
Very Similar to moon: NO atmosphere NO Erosion Many Craters Largest is Caloris Basin

15. Venus Distance from Sun: 108 million km
Named After the Roman God of Love
HOTTER than Mercury… Green house Gases
Very Similar to Earth in Size:
Has Atmosphere: THICK CLOUDS Reflect a lot of Light
Most Circular Orbit Retrograde Rotation
Few craters: Relatively young surfaces. Due to Volcanic Activity and Weather

16. Earth Distance from Sun: 150 million km
ONLY Planet NOT Named for Roman God
Moderate Temperatures
Tilted 23.5° This Tilt allows us to have seasons! In summer when closest to sun In winter when farthest to sun
ONLY Planet known to have life
Has Atmosphere
Few craters: Relatively young surfaces. Due to Volcanic Activity and Weather
1-Moon

17. Mars Distance from Sun: 228 million km
Named After the Roman God of War Due to Red Color: Iron Oxide in Soil (RUST)
Mt. Olympus Largest Volcano in Solar System
Valles Marineris Largest Canyons in Solar System
Has Atmosphere
Evidence of Water in Past
Old Craters: Older Surface
2-Moons

18. Gaseous Planets or
Jovial Planets
These Planets are Composed of GAS
All 4 have an Atmosphere.
They are MUCH LARGER
DENSER than the Terrestrial Planets

19. Jupiter Distance from Sun: 778 million km
Named After Zeus…King of the Gods
LARGEST Storm in Solar System (Hurricane) The Red Spot
Very Similar to SUN: Hydrogen and Helium
Has Atmosphere
63-Moons Europa believed to have Water
Visited by Voyager 1 and 2

20. Saturn Distance from Sun: 1,427 million km
Named After Roman God of Agriculture
Largest and Brightest Rings in Solar System
TITAN: Moon with Atmosphere
Has Shepherd Moons: Moons that keep rings together
Has Atmosphere
Has 60 Moons and 7 Rings
Visited by Voyager 1 and 2

21. Uranus Distance from Sun: 2871 million km
Named After Roman God Father of the Titans
Similar to Jupiter only FROZEN made from Hydrogen and Helium
Has 4-Seasons,atmosphere
Rotates on its side.
Known as the Windy Planet: 1100 mph
Has 22 Moons and Faint Rings
Visited by Voyager 2

22. Neptune Distance from Sun: 4497 million km
Named After Roman God of the Seas
Similar to Uranus
Has 11 Moons and Faint Rings
Has Atmosphere
Discovered by TWO astronomers before it was actually seen
Visited by Voyager 2

23. Planets Mercury Venus Earth Mars Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune Gas or
Terrestrial Terrestrial Terrestrial Terrestrial Terrestrial Gas Gas Gas Gas
Atmosphere NO YES YES YES YES YES YES YES
Moon O
Diameter km km km km
Rotation hr hrs hrs hrs hrs days
56min min min min hrs

24. Revolution Period (Year)
Name: _____________
Period: _____
Solar System Facts
Planet
Surface
Distance From Sun
Diameter
Atmosphere
Number of Moons
High / Low Temperature
Rotation Period (Day)
Revolution Period (Year)
Fun Fact
Mercury
Venus
Earth
Mars
Jupiter
Saturn
Uranus
Neptune
Acronym: My very educated mother just served us noodles!
Know create your own! _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________

25. Comets
COMETS are “Dirty Snowballs” Ice and Dust leftovers from the formation of our solar system around 4.6 billion years ago.
COMETS provide us with important clues about the formation of our solar system.

26. Comets
COMETS ORIGINATE FROM WAY OUT PAST PLUTO

27. Asteroids
ASTEROIDS are rocky leftovers from the formation of our solar system around 4.6 billion years ago.
ASTEROIDS are found in the Asteroid Belt found between Mars and Jupiter.
OVER 90,000 Known to Exist with many more found every year

28. Meteors
A METEOROID is a small piece of dust or rock flying through our Solar System.
IF IT ENTERS OUR ATMOSPHERE…IT is called a METEOR…a "shooting star"
IF IT REACHES THE GROUND it is then called a METEORITE.