1. Early Years Study 3: Making decisions, Taking action Margaret McCain, Fraser Mustard Kerry McCuaig

3. Mothers’ labour is essential

4. brain learning health behaviour genes epigenetics experience nurturing nutrition physical environment

5. Factors affecting academic achievement – Age 11 SES 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.0 Mother ed. Father ed. Family income Health Preschool Primary school Effect size

6. Developmental advantage (months) 1-2 years 2-3 years ECE program attendance 876543210876543210 low-quality average high-quality Quality and duration matter (months of developmental age)

7. Quality linked to better outcomes Preschool quality and self-regulation and pro-social behaviour (age 11) Effect sizeSelf-regulation Pro-social behaviour 0.30 0.25 0.20 0.15 0.10 0.05 0.00 low medium high Preschool quality

8. Universal access promotes equity - Vocabulary skills in children ages 4 and 5 years by family income

9. Number of children with ‘delayed’ vocabulary Not poor 50 40 30 20 10 0 Affluent Moderate Poor Low-Moderate

10. Universality is more equitable

11. Cost of early school leavers

12. Literacy and civic engagement

13. ECE is economic development

14. Jobs created per thousand increase in early childhood workforce

15. What has low cost early education and care done for Quebec? 70,000 more mothers are working And draw $340-million less in social transfers They pay $1.5-billion annually in taxes Boosting the GDP by $5-billion Source: Fortin, P., Godbout, L., & St-Cerny. (2012).

16. Quebec mothers have: Moved Quebec from the bottom to the top in female labour force participation in Canada Halved child poverty rates Halved social assistance rates for lone parents Boosted fertility Meanwhile, Quebec student test scores have moved from below to above the national average Source: Fortin, P., Godbout, L., & St-Cerny. (2012).

17. Done right early education and care pays for itself For every dollar Quebec spends on ECE, it collects $1.05 in increased taxes and reduced family payments, while the federal government gets $0.44 Source: Fortin, P., Godbout, L., & St-Cerny. (2012).

18. Across Canada, 50% of children between ages 2 and 4 years attend an early childhood education programs - up from 35% just 10 ago (McCain, Mustard & McCuaig, 2011) NL 0.86% PE 1.71% NS 1.39% NB 1.28% QC 4.67% ON 2.01% ECEC Across Canada ECE budget as a percentage of provincial/territorial budgets 2011-12 MB 1.59% SK 1.36% AB 1.13% BC 1.30% NU 0.59% NT 0.88% YK 1.15%

19. Across Canada, 50% of children between ages 2 and 4 years attend an early childhood education programs - up from 35% just 10 ago (McCain, Mustard & McCuaig, 2011) NL 31% PE 41% NS 38% NB 36% QC 69% ON 56% ECEC Across Canada Percentage of 2 – 4-year-olds regularly attending an ECE centre by provinces and Canada MB 43% SK 34% AB 31% BC 41% Canada: 52%

20. More attention to monitoring

21. Early Childhood Education Report BC AB SK MB ON QC NB NS PE NL Governance Funding Accountability Access Learning Environment 0123456789101112131415

22. www.pointsurlapetiteenfance.org www.earlyyearsstudy.ca