1. Chapter 4 - Life in the Colonies
Between the years of almost a million people came over from Europe

2. New England
Subsistence farming- farming only enough to meet your families needs
center of trading
triangular trade routes developed
The trade route between West Africa and West Indies known as The Middle Passage

4. Triangular trade routes

8. Middle Passage

10. Middle Colonies
cash crops – crops grown to make a profit. Mixed with subsistence (called bread basket)
Immigrants from all over Europe settled in these colonies-(Scotch-Irish, German, Dutch, Swedish)lots of religious and cultural differences

11. Southern Colonies
Indentured servants – people who would work for free in return for land
Soon began to depend on slave labor

12. Tidewater- near the coast- large plantations Backcountry- in the mountains - small farms Slave Codes – strict laws that governed slave life. Overseers- slave bosses

13. English Government
Magna Carta (1215) - English document that the colonist based their government on – respected civil liberties

14. Colonial Government
Charter colonies – based on a charter to a company (Mass)
Proprietary Colonies – owned and run by individual people. (Penn)
Royal Colony – run by the King(Va)

15. Mercantilism – a country builds power by exporting more than importing
Navigation Acts – 1650’s passed to force the colonists to only trade with England

16. Colonial America

17. North America before 1754

18. British-French Rivalry
Before 1754, major powers in America were France and Britain
Both wanted to control the Ohio River Valley,
British wanted to colonize and French wanted it for fur trade
French began to build forts to stake their claim to the land

20. The Beginning
1754 British sent George Washington with a small force to establish a fort- Ft. Necessity
He attacked a larger French force, was surrounded, and captured. He surrendered. Gives him recognition

21. Indian help
Iroquois Confederation- 5 Native American tribes who banned together to fight the British
Native American tribes helped the French attack British forts

22. WHO? English- The British forces were made up of:
1. Redcoats (English Soldiers)
2. American Colonists (English Subjects)
French- French forces were made up of:
1. French Soldiers
2. French Colonists (French Subjects)
3. Native Americans

24. The War General Braddock in charge/GW under him Redcoats-easy targets
Braddock was killed, GW in charge and gave him military experience

26. England steps in to help!

27. England steps in to help!
Called The Seven Years’ War in the rest of the world
1757 William Pitt took over as Prime Minister of England. Turns tide of war because he sends lots of $

28. After several years, the French
were defeated and they withdrew
to Canada

29. British attacked them in Canada
Fall of Quebec – huge success
The French surrendered

31. Treaty of Paris Ended the War 1. France gave up all it’s land
2. England gained Florida from Spain
3. Spain received lands west of the Mississippi River and the port of New Orleans

32. North America was now divided between England and Spain

33. Pontiacs War
Pontiac, chief of the Ottawa, continued fighting – Native Americans were defeated

34. Proclamation of 1763
To prevent more fighting between the colonists and Indians
King declared the Appalachian Mountains as the boundary for colonist-stopped westward expansion
This just angered the colonists