1. Biology Unit 4 – Continuity and Change Outcome 2

2. Key Knowledge areas geological time: scale; relative and actual dating techniques; evidence of evolution: fossil record, biogeography, comparative anatomy; molecular evidence; patterns of evolution: divergent, convergent; allopatric speciation, extinction; Abundance of online resources for Biological Evolution here http://learningscience.org/lsc3cevolution.htm http://learningscience.org/lsc3cevolution.htm

3. Start thinking on geological timescale Cockroaches have been around for 280,000,000 years Been in existence before dinosaurs (250-65MYA)

4. Geological time scale

5. Race track analogy Geological time scale A brief history of life http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/evolution/brief-history-life.html http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/evolution/brief-history-life.html

6. Graphic organizer

7. ‘Relative’ knowl- ‘AGE’ of key area Organizer represents relative ages of rock. Earliest key knowledge recorded in lowest layer ‘C’ first Fill up organizer as more knowledge is stacked on top. ‘E’ - Could include a ‘fault’ fact in a lesson prompting students to spot the fault eg. …Humans caused the extinction of the dinosaurs… Geological time scale

8. WAIT! Where is the hook…… HOLIDAY PHOTOS!!!! YouTube video Symphony of Science – World of the Dinosaur (Annoying) Mega fauna video Enormous beasts that were once in our back yard

9. Key knowledge area – Relative and Absolute dating techniques Relative Rock layers ‘Strata’ inferring older layers are found in deeper sediment Graphic organizer example Absolute Uses radiometric means. Dating elements in minerals of rocks Releasing energy (radioactive decay) Each radioactive atom has a half life Geological time scale

10. Commonly used isotopes Parent Uranium 238 Uranium 235 Potassium 40 Rubidium Daughter Lead 206 Lead 207 Argon 40 Strontium Half life 4,510 m.y 713 m.y 1,300 m.y 47,000 m.y Carbon 14 used for fossils containing organic matter up to 40,000 years old. Daughter state is Nitrogen 14 Carbon 14 half life is 5,730 Geological time scale

11. http://www.neok12.com/php/watch.php?v=zX005159 0058424f5e647a63&t=Fossils Watch in class or ‘Flipped’ classroom Geological time scale

12. Play a game… Half Life or……

13. Half Life Radioactive Dating Game Includes questionnaire Geological time scale

15. Geographic time scale Relative dating Radioactive dating - isotopes - half life -decay

16. Next key knowledge area – ‘evidence of evolution’ Fossils - Discuss formation of fossils ’Fossilator App’ Using real fossils from a fossil kit, use the app to investigate ancestral organisms by distinguished features Further in the unit – Hominid evolution and comparative anatomy http://www.eskeletons.org/ http://www.eskeletons.org/

17. Geographic time scale Relative dating Radioactive dating - isotopes - half life -decay Evidence for evolution - fossil records -comparative anatomy/ biochemistry Convergent evolution Divergent evolution Allopatric speciation Formation of fossils