1. Classification of matter

2. What does it mean to classify?
…to sort or organize into groups based on similar characteristics or properties…

3. Examples of how we classify every day things
Stars
Books (Dewey Decimal System)
Swahili nouns
Musical instruments
Living things

4. What is MATTER?
Anything that…
has MASS
takes up SPACE

5. Properties of Matter Examples of physical properties:
color
shape
texture
hardness
density
solubility
ductility
malleability
Examples of chemical properties:
combustibility
flammability
reactivity to acid
tendency to rust

6. QUESTIONS?

7. MATTER
LIQUID
SOLID
PLASMA
GAS
How is matter classified here?

8. MATTER
HOMOGENEOUS
HETEROGENEOUS
Another way to classify matter

9. Homogeneous Matter homo = same geneous = kind, type
identical properties throughout

10. Name 3 kinds of matter that have the same properties throughout.
Homogeneous Matter
Name 3 kinds of matter that have the same properties throughout.

11. Heterogeneous Matter hetero = different geneous = kind, type
parts have different properties

12. Name 3 kinds of matter that have different properties throughout.
Heterogeneous Matter
Name 3 kinds of matter that have different properties throughout.

13. QUESTIONS?

14. MATTER MIXTURES PURE SUBSTANCES COMPOUNDS ELEMENTS
yet another way to classify matter

15. PURE SUBSTANCE made up of only one material definite properties
uniform properties throughout
Subcategories:
elements
compounds

16. MATTER
MIXTURES
PURE SUBSTANCES
COMPOUNDS
ELEMENTS

17. ELEMENTS simplest pure substance
cannot be changed into anything simpler
ATOM =
smallest particle of an element
represented by chemical symbol (shorthand) 

18. Who said this?
All elements are made up of atoms. Atoms of the same element are alike; atoms of different elements are different.

19. MATTER
MIXTURES
PURE SUBSTANCES
COMPOUNDS
ELEMENTS

20. COMPOUNDS two or more elements chemically combined
pure substances made up of more than one element
combined in a definite ratio (has a formula)

21. COMPOUNDS
can be broken down into simpler substances (elements) ONLY by chemical means
properties of compound are very different from properties of parts

22. Name 3 examples of compounds.

23. click above to see Na + Cl2 react
EXAMPLE
NaCl (salt)
Sodium (Na)
silvery metal
reacts explosively w/ water
Chlorine (Cl2)
poisonous
greenish gas
click above to see Na + Cl2 react

24. QUESTIONS?

25. MATTER
MIXTURES
PURE SUBSTANCES
COMPOUNDS
ELEMENTS

26. MIXTURES
2 or more substances physically mixed, but not chemically combined
can be separated by physical means
any combination of the phases
any ratio of parts
parts have separate identity

27. Name 3 examples of mixtures.

28. Types of Mixtures Solution one substance is dissolved in another
homogeneous
dissolving substance = SOLVENT
dissolved material = SOLUTE

29. Types of Mixtures Alloys Examples: mixture of 2 metals
usually homogeneous
Examples:
steel = iron + carbon
brass = zinc + copper
bronze = copper + tin

30. Types of Mixtures Suspension Colloid
a mixture which will separate when undisturbed (particles will settle out)
heterogeneous
e.g. dust particles in air; sand in water
Colloid
a mixture between a solution and a suspension (particles don’t settle out)
e.g. fog and milk

31. Types of Mixtures Other types: Can you think of others?
Emulsion (e.g. mayo)
Gel (e.g. jelly)
Can you think of others?

32. MATTER
MIXTURES
PURE SUBSTANCES
COMPOUNDS
ELEMENTS

33. QUESTIONS?