1. Chemistry

2. Matter Matter = any material substance with Mass & Volume

3. Matter comes in 4 phases

4. Solid Definite Shape Definite Volume

5. Liquid Indefinite Shape – takes the shape of the container Definite Volume

6. Gas Indefinite Shape – takes the shape of the container Indefinite Volume – can expand and be compressed

7. Plasma Plasma is by far the most common form of matter. Plasma in the stars and in the tenuous space between them makes up over 99% of the visible universe and perhaps most of that which is not visible.

8. Elements one of the 100+ pure substances that make up everything in the universe

9. Examples of Elements H= Hydrogen C= Carbon O= Oxygen N= Nitrogen S= Sulfur Na= Sodium Ca= Calcium K= Potassium I= Iodine Cl= Chlorine P= Phosphorus

10. Atom the smallest particle making up elements

11. Sub-atomic Particles Protons p+ p+ - positive charge, in nucleus Electrons - e - negative charge, orbiting nucleus Neutrons n0 n0 – no charge, in nucleus

12. Drawing an Atom of Carbon C 12.011 6 Atomic Mass Atomic # minus Atomic # = # of n0n0 = # p+ p+ and # of e-e- Carbon has 6 p + and 6 e - Carbon has 6 n 0

13. Drawing an Atom of Carbon 6 p + 6 n 0 e-e- e-e- e-e- e-e- e-e- e-e-

14. Compounds - 2 or more elements chemically combined to form a new substance with new properties Properties – The way a chemical substance looks and behaves

15. Compounds Compounds – are made of 2 or more different atoms combined to form Molecules H + O H 2 O = H O H Chemical formula lists the number of different atoms in a single molecule Structural formula shows the arrangement of the atoms in a single molecule

16. Molecules Glucose Sugar C 6 H 12 O 6 Chemical formula C H OH CC C CC H H H H H H OH O O H H O OH Structural formula

17. Compounds Inorganic Compounds or Organic Compounds usually don’t contain Carbon generally come from the earth generally simple molecules always contain C & H and usually O, N, sometimes S & P originate in organisms generally complex molecules

18. Examples of Inorganic Compounds H + O = H 2 O = Water H + Cl = HCl = Hydrochloric Acid C + O = CO 2 = Carbon Dioxide Na + Cl = NaCl = Common Table Salt

19. Examples of Organic Compounds C, H + O Carbohydrates = Sugars, starches & cellulose C, H + O Lipids = Fats & Oils C, H, O, N, & sometimes P + S Proteins C, H, O, N, + P Nucleic Acids – DNA & RNA

20. Chemistry Diga, diga, that’s all folks!