1. Sustainability and Climate Change: Trends and Solutions Jonathan Lash World Resources Institute http://www.wri.org

2. Millennial N. Hemisphere (AD1000-1999) Source: IPCC TAR

3. Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide (CO 2 ) Concentrations Source: C.D. Keeling and T.P. Whorf, Atmospheric CO2 Concentrations (ppmv) derived from in situ air samples collected at Mauna Loa Observatory, Hawaii, Scripps Institute of Oceanography, August 1998. A. Neftel et al, Historical CO2 Record from the Siple Station Ice Core, Physics Institute, University of Bern, Switzerland, September 1994. See http://cdiac.esd.ornl.gov/trends/co2/contents.htm

4. Global CO 2 Emissions Growth

5. August 28, 2005 Photo Credit: NASA/Jeff Schmaltz, MODIS Land Rapid Response Team Hurricane Katrina

6. Hurricane Trends

7. The Frequency of Weather Related Disasters Data: Swiss Re 2005

8. Dramatic Changes: An Ice-free Arctic? 1979-2003: Progressive Loss of Arctic Ice

9. Antarctic Ice

10. New Patterns of Pest Damage The New York Times, June 25, 2002

11. Amazon Drought

12. 1960 – World’s 6 th largest lake 1963 – 2001 shrunk 95%, wetlands spoilt Source: UNEP – ONE PLANET MANY PEOPLE: Atlas of our Changing Environment Lake Chad Water withdrawals from rivers/lakes doubled since 1960

13. Changes in Ocean Circulation Transect at 23º N latitude –Measurements taken in 1957, 1981, 1992, 1998, 2004 Indicates a 30% reduction in ocean circulation volume since 1957 Source: Ocean current figure: www.NASA.govwww.NASA.gov Transect information: Bryden, Harry L. et al. "Slowing of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation at 25° N." Nature 438: 655-657. 1 December 2005

14. That’s What One Degree Gets Us Where to Next?

15. Projections of CO2 and Temperature to 2100

16. Drought Expectations The Palmer Index is most effective in determining long term drought—a matter of several months —and is not as good with short-term forecasts (a matter of weeks). It uses a 0 as normal, and drought is shown in terms of minus numbers; for example, minus 2 is moderate drought, minus 3 is severe drought, and minus 4 is extreme drought.

17. Scenario of damages in 2050 Source: The Guardian, based on Pentagon report

18. People at Risk from a 44 cm sea-level rise by the 2080s (Assuming 1990s Level of Flood Protection) Source: IPCC TAR.

19. A More Poisonous Poison Ivy

20. Temperature Projections and Risk

23. Assumed Advances In Fossil Fuels Energy intensity Nuclear Renewables The “Gap” Gap technologies E.g. CCS Stabilizing CO 2 Base Case and “Gap” Technologies Source: Jae Edmonds, PNNL/Univ MD

24. 20552005 14 7 Billion of Tons of Carbon Emitted per Year 1955 0 Currently projected path Flat path Historical emissions 1.9  2105 14 GtC/y 7 GtC/y Seven “wedges” Wedges O Source: Robert Socolw, www.princeton.edu/~cmi

25. Energy Efficiency Coal-based Synfuels with CCS Wind power Reforestation Mass transit Stabilization Triangle 20042054 7 GtC/y 14 GtC/y Fill the Stabilization Triangle with Seven Wedges Carbon Capture & Storage Adapted from: Robert Socolw, www.princeton.edu/~cmi Biofuels

26. Managing Risk: Measure/Manage

27. Dupont Global Greenhouse Gases

28. Alcoa Inc. Cargill Dow LLC Delphi Corporation Dow Chemical Company DuPont FedEx Kinko's General Motors IBM Interface Johnson & Johnson NatureWorks LLC Pitney Bowes Staples Starbucks GPMDG

29. GE: Ecomagination

30. Largest Emitters: Developed & Developing

31. Real-world examples Brazil Biofuels for transport Reducing the economic impact of oil imports and supporting the rural economy China Innovative transport approaches Promoting mobility while avoiding urban infrastructure and oil supply constraints South Africa Carbon capture and storage Finding ways to reduce the impact of coal in developing countries India Renewable energy in rural electrification Providing electricity faster and safer to 500 million people

35. Farmer demonstrations in India around electricity access and pricing

36. Electrification will have a major impact on climate change without new policies and approaches IEA, 2003 Million people without electricity

37. New York City circa 1950

38. New York City December 2001