1. So, what exactly is phonics? GPCs Blending Segmenting

2. What makes phonics tricky? 44 phonemes 120 graphemes 26 letters Digraphs: 2 letters that make 1 sound ch ng oa Trigraphs: 3 letters that make 1 sound igh air ear Alternative spellings: ai ay a-e

3. How is phonics taught? Phonics sessions are entirely made up from games, songs and actions and these sessions only last for 15-20 minutes per day. We follow a programme called Letters and Sounds. There a 6 phases.

4. Phase 1 Phase 1 develops children’s abilities to listen to, make, explore and talk about sounds. Rhyme, alliteration, identifying sounds in the environment These skills should continue to be developed throughout KS1 and KS2.

7. Phase 2 GPCs need to be introduced in systematic way. Set 1 - s a t p Set 2 - i n m d Set 3 - g o c k Set 4 - ck e u r Set 5 - h b f ff l ll s ss Sounds, actions, forming the letter Blending and segmenting

9. Always use pure sounds. s f n m

10. Phase 2 contd… Reading tricky words

11. Phase 3 By the end of Phase 3 the children will know one way of writing down each of the 44 phonemes. Set 6 - j v w x Set 7 - y z zz qu Consonant digraphs - ch sh th ng Vowel digraphs (and trigraphs) ai ee igh oa oo ar or ur ow oi ear air ure er

13. Phase 3 contd… CVC refers to words with a consonant phoneme, a vowel phoneme and then a consonant phoneme - it is not referring to letters. Therefore hot, bed and zip are all CVC words but cow and toy are not.

14. Writing tricky words

15. Reading tricky words

16. Phase 4 The main challenge in this phase is to help children to blend and segment words with adjacent consonants e.g. truck, help. Children with speech and language difficulties can find Phase 4 very tricky. If children struggle to hear all the sounds in a word encourage them to think about the movements that their mouths are making. Looking in mirrors can help with this.

18. Phase 4 contd… Reading tricky words

19. Writing tricky words

20. Phase 5 Split digraphs a_e, e_e, i_e, o_e, u_e E.g. the ch grapheme can be pronounced in each of these ways check, chef and school. some phonemes have more than one spelling Spelling rules eg adding – s and –es Compound words

25. Reading tricky words

26. Writing tricky words

27. Phase 6 Phase 6 reinforces much of the learning from Phase 5, helps children to develop greater automaticity in reading, and begins to explore spelling rules and conventions e.g. adding -ing and –ed as well as compound words.

28. Useful sites www.phonicsplay.co.uk https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachme nt_data/file/190599/Letters_and_Sounds_-_DFES-00281-2007.pdf (this is the Letters and Sounds document) https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachme nt_data/file/190599/Letters_and_Sounds_-_DFES-00281-2007.pdf