1. The physical world: planet earth
Chapter 2 section 1

3. Our solar system
Earth is a part of our solar system, which includes Earth and other planets that revolve around the sun

4. Planets Planets are large spherical bodies in our solar system
There are at least 8 planets, and each follow their own orbital path around the sun
Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars are the inner planets (nearest to the sun)
Earth is about 93 million miles away
Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune are the outer planets (farthest from the sun)
Jupiter is the largest planet, Earth is 5th largest, and Mercury is the smallest
With the exception of Mercury and Venus, all the planets have moons, which are smaller spheres or satellites that orbit them
Ceres and Pluto are dwarf planets
Two types of planets: terrestrial and gas giant planets

5. Which four planets are closest to the sun?
RECAP
Which four planets are closest to the sun?
What physical characteristics do the inner planets share? Outer planets?

6. Asteroids, Comets, and Meteoroids
Asteroids are small irregular shaped, planet-like objects that revolve around the sun
Found mainly between Mars and Jupiter in the asteroid belt
Comets are made of icy dust particles and frozen gases, which resemble bright balls with long feathery tails
Can travel in any direction to Earth
Meteoroids are pieces of space debris—chunks of rock and iron
Earth’s atmosphere usually burns up meteoroids
It’s rare, but meteorites can sometimes strike
1908 remote Russian forest region of Siberia

7. Graphic organizer: Four components of earth
Description
Hydrosphere
Lithosphere
Atmosphere
Biosphere

8. Getting to know earth: water, land, and air
About 70 percent of Earth’s surface is water
Oceans lakes, rivers, and other bodies of water make up the Earth’s hydrosphere
About 30 percent of Earth’s surface is land, including continents and islands.
Land makes up the Earth’s lithosphere, the Earth’s crust
Also includes the land beneath the oceans (ocean basin)
The air we breathe is part of Earth’s atmosphere, a layer of gases extending above the planet’s surface
Earth’s atmosphere includes 78 percent Nitrogen and 21 percent oxygen, as well as small amounts of argon and other gases
The part of Earth that supports life is called the biosphere

9. recap

10. landforms
Natural features of Earth’s surface (including bodies of water)
Underwater landforms are as diverse as those found on dry land
Includes flat land, mountain ranges, cliffs, valleys, and deep trenches
Seven large landmasses known as continents include:
Africa
Antarctica
Asia
Australia
Europe
North America
South America
Isthmus of Panama links North and South America
At the Sinai Peninsula, Suez canal separates Africa and Asia
Continental shelf is an underwater extension of the coastal plain
Slopes out from land as much as 800 miles and descends to a depth of about 660 feet

11. Earth’s heights and depths
Mount Everest is the highest point on Earth in South Asia
29,028 feet above sea level
The lowest dry land point at 1,349 feet below sea level is the shore of the Dead Sea in Southwest Asia
Earth’s deepest known depression lies under the Pacific Ocean southwest of Guam in the Mariana Trench, a narrow underwater canyon about 35,827 feet