1. Work Zone Impact Strategies Module 6

3. TMP Overview3 Identification of TMP Strategies Should be based on: type of work zone traffic conditions anticipated WZ impacts project constraints construction phasing/staging plan conditions in surrounding area (e.g., alternate routes and modes, access)

4. TMP Overview4 Some Considerations Agency WZ policies E.g., Maximum WZ queue lengths/delays allowed Lane Closure policies/charts that specify when a lane closure is permitted Analytical/modeling tools used by the agency Concerns of stakeholders

5. Successful Strategies Minimize traffic delays Maintain or improve safety for road users and workers Maintain business and resident access Allow timely completion of the work

6. Work Zone Mobility Strategies Full Closure Phasing/ Staging Restrict hours of operations Manage Demand Maintain Capacity

7. Full Closure Provision in Subpart K Safest for workers Typically shortens project duration Used successfully in urban areas where alternate route network exists

8. Full Road Closure Strategies Full road closure Weekend full closure Limited capacity closure Nighttime/off-peak closure Intermittent closure including rolling roadblocks

9. Full Road Closure

10. Partial Road Closure

11. Full Closure Example Full Closure of I-95 near Wilmington, DE (7 months) Ads in local newspapers, outreach events, public meetings, Survival Guide, colorful character known as the traffic creep, radio, Express bus routes The morning the full closure started, media were on hand to witness the congestion they expected would ensue. Questioning whether they were in the right place, the media were confused by the lack of congestion

12. Source: Full Road Closure for Work Zone Operations

13. Phasing/staging By Halves/Sides Adjacent/Parallel Serial/Segmental Closure/Detour Combinations

14. Applications Lane Closure

15. Applications One-Lane/Two-Way Operation

16. Applications Runaround

17. Applications Intermittent Closure

18. Applications Use of Shoulder/Median

19. Applications Lane Shift

20. Applications Roadway Shift EXISTING PROPOSED 20

21. Applications Crossover

23. Restrict Hours of Work Night work only Lane closure restrictions Work when traffic volumes are lower Louisiana RS 48:279 - how is this implemented?

24. Night Work

25. But do it safely

26. Recent Research NCHRP 475 – Procedures to Determine when to Undertake Night Work NCHRP 476 – Guidelines for Design and Operation of Nighttime Traffic Control

27. Ohio DOT MOT/PLC Policy

28. Operational Strategies Improvements to alternate route to accommodate additional traffic during project Traffic Signal retiming Intersection geometric improvements – commercial vehicles Incident management plan for work zone Demand reduction strategies

29. Manage Demand Reduce demand to match reduced capacity through work zone Cooperation from business, transit, and public necessary

30. Managing Demand (Vehicle Flow) Through WZ Unmanaged demand Managed demand Reduce daily person trips * Reduce daily vehicle trips (via mode & occupancy rate) Reduce daily vehicles thru work zone (via alternative routes) Attenuate vehicle flow rate thru work zone * * Requires partnering with business & employers

31. Manage Demand: Reduce Total Travel Discourage discretionary travel Redefine essential travel (temporarily) Non-traditional work schedules (e.g., 4- day weeks) Telecommuting Cooperation/support of major employers needed 31

32. Manage Demand: Reduce Vehicle Trips Special express bus Additional transit service Van and car pooling Agency led; employer support helpful

33. Manage Demand: Reduce Vehicles Through Work Zone Encourage alternative routes Agency led

34. Manage Demand: Attenuate Vehicle Flow Rate

35. Maintain or Augment Capacity Advance work to maintain capacity – Widen/strengthen shoulders and utilize during construction – Build structure off site and move with complete closure – Others?

36. Maintain and Augment Capacity Utilize/widen shoulder Diversion Reversible lanes Parallel route improvements Visual barriers

37. Reversible lane with moveable barrier

38. Shift to utilize shoulder

39. Maintain and Augment Capacity Alternative Modes o Bus o Rail transit o Commuter rail Incentives

40. Innovative Contracting Strategies Design – Build Accelerates process – work can begin as design is being completed A + B Bidding Encourages reduced construction time Minimizes impacts Lane Rental Charge assesses to contractor for lane closure Incentive/Disincentive Encourages contractor to minimize construction time

41. Public Information Strategy Engage Stakeholders early Determine their needs Will they cooperate with other strategies Inform public of possible work zone impacts Significant projects may require major PR campaign Public may not be happy, but possibly less mad…

42. Project Coordination Coordination with other projects Ensure TMPs for all projects are coordinated Signing Lane Closures Work restrictions Utilities coordination Schedule necessary adjustments to avoid construction delays Identify and begin early Separate contract? Right-of-way coordination Determine needs early Coordination with other transportation infrastructure Transit Railroads

43. Example Decision Matrix

44. Analyzing Alternatives - Comparison of Impacts Viable Alternatives Need to Address: 1. Community Impacts 2. Traffic Impacts 3. Safety Impacts 4. Duration - exposure 5. Agency Responsibilities 6. Constructability 7. Benefit vs. Cost

45. Community Impacts Other User Accommodations In urban or suburban areas where pedestrian activity is likely, pedestrian access must also be provided during construction. This may require providing temporary sidewalks, protection from drop offs, adjustment to traffic signals, etc. (BDE) The needs and control of all road users through a work zone shall be an essential part of highway construction, utility work, maintenance operations, and the management of traffic incidents. (MUTCD)

46. All Road Users Accommodated?

47. Community Impacts Maintaining access to adjacent properties Effects of Work Zone on Businesses

48. Community Impacts Miscellaneous Unofficial detour phenomenon Other facility users

49. Questions?