1. Past Questions

2. Youth
(a) Outline and explain the features of spectacular youth cultures. [15]
(b) Youth cultures have often been linked to deviant behaviour. Discuss. [30]
(a) Outline and explain ways in which consumerism has influenced youth cultures. [15]
(b) Outline and assess the view that belonging to a youth sub-culture may be a response to the social and economic conditions faced by young people. [30]
(a) Outline and explain the reasons why youth cultures are often seen as a form of resistance. [15]
(b) Assess the view that social class and gender no longer influence youth cultures. [30]
(a) Outline and explain reasons for changes in female involvement in youth cultures in contemporary society. [15]
(b) Assess the view that spectacular youth cultures have been replaced by neo-tribes in contemporary society. [30]
(a) Outline and explain the reasons why youth cultures may no longer be linked to gender.[15]
(b) Assess the view that youth cultures can act as a form of resistance. [30]

3. Methodology
Using material from the item and elsewhere, explain the full meaning of the term ethnographic study. [10]
“ “ “ identify and assess the strengths and weaknesses of participant observation. [20]
“ “ “ explain the full meaning of the term official statistics. [10]
“ “ “ explain the strengths and limitations of structured interviews. [20]
“ “ “ explain the full meaning of the term qualitative data. [10]
“ “ “ explain the importance of ethical issues to sociological research. [20]
“ “ “ explain the full meaning of the term representative sample. [10]
“ “ “ identify and assess various sources of secondary data that can be used by sociologists. [20]
“ “ “ explain the full meaning of the term quantitative data. [10]
“ “ “ explain the strengths and weaknesses of questionnaires. [20]

4. Education
(a) Outline and briefly explain what is meant by equality of opportunity in education. [20]
(b) Discuss the view that working class underachievement in education is caused by factors outside school. [40]
Outline and explain why anti-school subcultures may develop. [20]
Discuss how social class may influence educational attainment. [40]
Define and explain the concept of cultural capital in education. [20]
Outline and assess the view that all girls and boys have the same opportunity to succeed in education. [40]
Outline and explain the meaning of the self-fulfilling prophecy in education. [20]
Outline and assess explanations of differences in attainment between different ethnic groups in the UK. [40]
Describe and explain functions of the education system. [20]
Discuss explanations of differences in gender attainment in education within the UK. [40]