1. Our Solar System 6 th grade 2015-2016

4. Earth’s movement is constant! Earth’s orbit – Sun is at the center – Orbit: movement of an object around another ex: Earth orbits the Sun. – Elliptical: oval shaped – Revolution: 1 full orbit of Earth around Sun. Takes 365+ days [1 year]

5. Orbital Movement

6. Day vs. Night Earth spins on axis – Axis: imaginary line that runs thru center of planet from geographic N to S pole Tilted Rotation: one full spin of Earth on its axis. Takes 24 hours [1 day] – Causes day and night; depends on which hemisphere is facing Sun

8. Seasons Seasons: changes in weather and amount of daylight Different for which hemisphere you live in Due to Earth’s orbit, rotation and axis http://youtu.be/RIBNgx2hlyU

9. Seasons https://www.brainpop.com/science/weather/ seasons/ https://www.brainpop.com/science/weather/ seasons/

11. Our Marvelous Moon

12. Our Moon Our closest neighbor- 384,000 km Much smaller than Earth No atmosphere Revolution around Earth = 29.5 days

13. The Moon and Tides https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1otfxSwa G5g https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1otfxSwa G5g https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EnDJ6_X pGfo https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EnDJ6_X pGfo https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gftT3wHJ Gtg https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gftT3wHJ Gtg

14. Tides Low and high tides – Approximately 6.5 hours each Tidal forces (gravity caused by Moon and Sun) – Distance!! Sun causes super low and super high tides – Neap tides: right angle – Spring tides (full or new Moon) Solar eclipse: E M S Lunar eclipse: S E M

15. Phases of the Moon Reflecting light from Sun Synchronous rotation or tidal locking https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6jUpX7J7 ySo https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6jUpX7J7 ySo As moon orbits Earth, parts are shaded- PHASES Phases created by changing angles (positions) of Earth, Moon and Sun

17. Lunar Phases New Moon – Moon orbiting between Earth and Sun – Side facing Sun is turned away from Earth – hardly visible

18. Crescent Moon WAXING – appearing WANING – disappearing, goes away Sliver of Moon

19. Quarter Moon ½ of the visible surface is lit WAXING – first 1/4 WANING- 3/4

20. Gibbous Moon Larger than 1/2 WAXING WANING

21. Full Moon 2 weeks from the New Moon Earth is between Moon and Sun BRIGHT Blue Moon – 2 full Moons in a month; every 2- 3 years

22. Lunar Eclipse When the moon passes directly into Earth’s shadow S E M Moon turns a reddish color due to sunlight reflected from Earth’s atmosphere Causes super high/low tides

23. Solar Eclipse Only occurs at time of New Moon; March 9, 2016 E M S Causes super high/low tides There are actually two types of shadows: the umbra is that part of the shadow where all sunlight is blocked out. The umbra takes the shape of a dark, slender cone. It is surrounded by the penumbra, a lighter, funnel-shaped shadow from which sunlight is partially obscured.

25. Moon Rock!! http://youtu.be/WArvitCA1j0 http://youtu.be/HkvlrWpsnuQ http://youtu.be/45YpVDTv0oI http://youtu.be/9WwRSdX8g_s

27. The Planets

28. Travel in elliptical orbits around Sun Rocky (Terrestial) Planets – Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars Gas (Gas Giants/ Jovian)Planets – Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune

29. Planets and Dwarf Planets Formal definition (IAU General Assembly –Prague, 2006): –Planet: A natural celestial body that (a) is in orbit around the Sun (b) has sufficient mass for its self-gravity to assume hydrostatic equilibrium (nearly round shape) (c) has cleared the neighborhood around its orbit (d) is not a satellite (moon) –Dwarf Planet: A natural celestial body that (a) is in orbit around the Sun (b) has sufficient mass for its self-gravity to assume hydrostatic equilibrium (nearly round shape) (c) has notcleared the neighborhood around its orbit (d) is not a satellite (moon) –Small Solar System Bodies: All other objects (except natural satellites) orbiting the sun

30. Planets and Dwarf Planets of the Solar System

31. The Inner Rocky Planets Mercury – HOT, Metal core, rocky crust, no moons, 1 day=59 E days Venus – Same size as E, no moons, toxic, 1 day=243 E days

32. The Inner Rocky Planets Earth (E) – Atmosphere (Nitrogen and Oxygen), 75% covered in water Mars – Crust, mantle, core (like E), 2 moons, tallest mnt., 1 day=24.4 E hours – Liquid water!!

33. Our Future Vacation Spot?

34. The Outer Gas Planets Jupiter – Largest, no solid surface, 60+ moons – 1 day = 10 Earth hours Saturn – Mostly Hydrogen, rings of ice, 60+ moons, – 1 day = 10 Earth hours

35. The Outer Gas Planets Uranus – Blue/green, rocky core/ ice mantle, gas atmosphere, 27 moons, axis towards Sun – 1 day = 17 Earth hours Neptune – Mostly H and He, 13 moons – 1 day = 16 Earth hours

36. Planet Rock!! https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XI5nBUid Kqo&list=PL9BD00C64CF61BF40&index=2 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XI5nBUid Kqo&list=PL9BD00C64CF61BF40&index=2 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x9UWNB TR6_I https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x9UWNB TR6_I