1. Adaptations and Relationships
Survival in the wild takes some WILD characteristics

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3. Have you ever wondered how animals are able to survive in the wild?
Animals have certain adaptations that help them to survive.

4. Adapting to the Environment
Black Peppered Moth
White Peppered Moth

5. Adaptations
The behaviors and physical characteristics of species that allow them to live successfully in the environment.
Example: Fish have gills so they can breath underwater.
Giraffes have long necks to eat leaves that other animals cannot reach.
Animal adaptation Quiz
Adaptations Game
Adaptation Clip Stop at 6:30

15. 1. Structural adaptations
are body structures that allow an animal to find and consume food, defend itself, and to reproduce its species and help an animal survive in its environment.
Can be teeth, body covering, or movement
Hey! I’m a walking stick. I look just like a stick you’d find on the ground.
© A. Weinberg

17. 2. Camouflage
use of color in a surrounding to blend into its environment.
Example:
The chameleon can change its color to match its surroundings.
Camouflage Video (cuttlefish)
Mimic Octopus Video
Amazing Animal Camouflages Collection Video

19. 3. Mimicry looking or sounding like another living organism
Motion Mimicry Video
looking or sounding like another living organism
Poisonous
I’m the Monarch!
Example: The Viceroy butterfly uses mimicry to look like the Monarch butterfly. Can you tell them apart?
Coral snake (left) very poisonous & Milk snake (right)
Not poisonous
I’m the Viceroy!

20. 4. Body coverings and Parts
Body coverings & parts (claws, beaks, feet, armor plates, skulls, teeth)
The elephant’s trunk is a physical adaptation that helps it to clean itself, eat, drink, and to pick things up.

21. Behaviour adaptations can be learned or instinctive.
5. Behaviour adaptations include activities that help an animal survive. 
Behaviour adaptations can be learned or instinctive.
Social behaviour  
Behaviour for protection  
Behavior adaptations include activities that help an animal survive.  Behavior adaptations can be learned or instinctive. (a behavior an animal is born with).
Social behavior - some animals live by themselves, while other live in groups. 
Behavior for protection -  An animal's behavior sometimes helps to protect the animal.  For instance the opossum plays dead.  A rabbit freezes when it thinks it has been seen. 

22. 6. Migration Animals migrate for different reasons. better climate
better food
safe place to live
safe place to raise young
go back to the place they were born.
This is when behavioural adaptation that involves an animal or group of animals moving from one region to another and then back again. 
Migration-is the behavioral adaptation that involves an animal or group of animals moving from one region to another and then back again. 
Animals migrate for different reasons.  The reasons are as follows.
better climate
better food
safe place to live
safe place to raise young
go back to the place they were born.

23. 7. Hibernation
This is deep sleep in which animal’s body temp drops, body activities are slowed to conserve energy.
E.g. Bats, woodchucks & bears.
Hibernation- is a deep sleep in which an animal's body temperature drops to about the temperature of the environment.  Body activities, such as heartbeat and breathing are slowed causing the animal to need very little food. 
Animals that hibernate are 
bats 
woodchucks
snakes 
bears.
During the hibernation the animals live off of the fat that is stored in their body. 

24. Ex: Sharks have 3 rows of sharp teeth
Ex: Sharks have 3 rows of sharp teeth. They can smell a drop of blood from far away.
8. Predator Adaptations
Adaptations that allow the organism to be a successful predator.

25. 9. Prey Adaptations
Adaptations that help the organism escape from predators.
Ex. The quills of a porcupine.
The shell of a turtle.

26. Relationships Among Organisms
Friends
Boyfriend and Girlfriend
Family
Student and Teacher

27. Competition over a mate
Because many organisms share the same ecosystem they are bound to compete.
Competition, the struggle between organisms to survive in a habitat with limited resources.
Example:
Two birds compete for the seeds on a tree.
Competition
Competition over a mate

28. Predation is when one organism kills and eats another.
Prey
Predator
Predation is when one organism kills and eats another.
The organism being eaten is the prey
The organism that kills is the predator.
Ex. A snake kills and eats a mouse. The snake is the predator and the mouse is prey.
Predator
Prey
Predator
Prey

29. Symbiosis
There are 3 types of Symbiosis
is a relationship between two species that benefits at least one species.
Mutualism
Commensalism
Parasitism

30. Clownfish and Sea Anemone
1. Mutualism
A relationship in which both organisms benefit. They help each other.
Ex. A relationship between a butterfly and a flower
Odd Animal Couples Shrimp A Goby video
Hermit Anemone video
Tree Ants Caterpillars video
Clownfish and Sea Anemone
Butterfly and Flower

31. Mutualism : Both organisms benefit from the relationship
The otters help the kelp by eating the sea urchins which endanger it. The kelp provides and anchor for the otters while they sleep.

32. Mutualism: Moray Eel with Cleaner Fish
Moray Eel gets a clean mouth Cleaner Fish gets a meal

33. Mutualism: Antelope with Oxbird
Antelope gets rid of parasites Oxbird gets a meal

34. Mutualism: Lichen
Lichen is really two organisms: algae and fungus. The fungus needs food but cannot make it. The algae makes food but needs some way to keep moist. The fungus forms a crust around the algae which holds in moisture. Both organisms benefit.

35. Mutualism: The Chital and the Tree-pie
The tree-pies help the chital by stripping the dead velvet from the antlers. This provides them with nourishment Therefore both species are benefiting from this symbiotic behavior.

36. Mutualism: Yucca Plants and Yucca Moths
Each type of Yucca plant can only be pollinated by a specific kind of Yucca moth.
That moth can only live on that kind of Yucca.

37. Mutualism: Swollen Thorn Acacia Tree and Ants
The tree provides a nursery for the ants in the thorns and makes special food for the ant babies.
In return the ants sting and attack any other plants or insects that try to invade the tree.

38. Mutualism: Clown fish with anemone
The clownfish benefits from the housing and protection of the sea anemone and the sea anemone in return gets the scraps the clownfish brings and can sting and digest the large fish that the clownfish lures in. 38

39. Ex. A bird building a nest on a tree
2. Commensalism
Commensalism
A relationship in which one species benefits and the other one is neither helped nor harmed
Ex. A bird building a nest on a tree
Barnacles on Whales

40. Commensalism: Remora on a Shark
Shark eats and Remora gets the scraps.

41. Commensalism : Cattle with cattle egrets
Cattle stir up insects as they eat grass Egrets hang around and eat insects

42. Commensalism: Barnacles and Whales
Barnacles need a place to anchor. They must wait for food to come their way. Some barnacles hitch a ride on unsuspecting whales who deliver them to a food source. This does not effect the whale in any way.

43. Commensalism: Oak Gall Wasps and Oak Trees
The oak gall wasp stings the oak tree. The tree then grows a GALL which is a nest for the wasp’s babies. When the larva hatch, they eat their way out of the gall. Does not help or hurt the oak tree

44. Parasitism
Parasitism involves one organism living on or inside another organism. The organism that benefits is called the parasite and the organism it lives on is called a host.
Example: Common parasites are fleas, ticks, and leeches
Parasitic Wasps Aphids video
Cordyceps Fungus
Parasitic Mind Control
Zombie Snails
Tape Worm
Blood Sucking Mosquito

45. Parasitism: Acacia plant with ant galls
Ants lay eggs on acacia tree Acacia covers the infected area with brown flesh (gall)

46. Worm infects human blood stream Human may go blind
Parasitism: Taenia worm in human eye
Worm infects human blood stream Human may go blind

47. Parasitism: Mistletoe and woody plants
Mistletoe takes moisture and nutrients
Woody plant has to support itself and mistletoe

48. Parasitism: Deer ticks and humans
Tick eats blood of human
Human receives Lyme Disease from the tick

49. Parasitism: Tapeworm and dog
Tapeworm attaches itself to the dog.
Tapeworm takes the dogs nutrients

50. Organism 1
Organism 2
Competition
Predation
Predator
Prey
Mutualism
Symbiosis
Commensalism
Parasitism
Parasite
Host