2. State Standard SB5A. Trace the history of the theory. History of the Theory (15.1)

3. 15.1 Darwin’s Theory of Natural Selection Before Darwin Evolution  __________ – 385-322 BC  Revered __________ philosopher & scientist  Believed organisms were created in a __________ form that could not __________ over time  His ideas were highly influential for __________ Chapter 15

4. 15.1 Darwin’s Theory of Natural Selection Before Darwin Evolution  Jean Baptiste de __________ – 1800s  French __________ Believed inheritance of __________ traits were the driving force of evolution.  Believed traits were acquired through __________ __________.  Ex: A giraffe had to stretch its neck in order to reach food – so the neck got longer during the giraffe’s lifetime and was passed to the next generation. Chapter 15

5. 15.1 Darwin’s Theory of Natural Selection Before Darwin – cont’d Evolution  Geologists were discovering ancient __________, __________, & fossilized __________ in England in the 1800s.  These items were being found in hillsides & riverbeds & gave new __________ about diversity of organisms. Chapter 15

6. 15.1 Darwin’s Theory of Natural Selection Other Names Who Influenced Darwin Evolution  James __________ & Charles __________ – Gradualism Earth had changed over very __________ periods of time.  Thomas __________ – Struggle for __________ Populations outgrew resources & had to __________. Chapter 15

7. 15.1 Darwin’s Theory of Natural Selection Darwin’s Voyage Evolution  In 1831, Darwin set sail on the HMS __________  Darwin’s role on the ship was as ____________ and companion to the captain.  His job was to ____________ biological and geological specimens during the ship’s travel. Chapter 15

8. The Galápagos Islands Evolution  Off the ________ coast of South America  Each island had a unique ____________ & geographical features.  Darwin began to collect mockingbirds, ____________, and other animals on the four islands.  He noticed that the different islands seemed to have their own, slightly ____________ varieties of animals. 15.1 Darwin’s Theory of Natural Selection Chapter 15

9. Evolution  Darwin theorized that the island populations came from the __________ ancestral populations on the ____________.  Populations from the mainland ____________ after reaching the Galápagos. 15.1 Darwin’s Theory of Natural Selection Chapter 15 The Galapagos Islands – cont’d

10. Concepts That Emerged from Darwin’s Work… Evolution  ________________ – inherited traits that may give an individual survival & reproductive ____________ over other individuals.  Darwin hypothesized that new species could appear gradually through small changes in ancestral species.  Darwin inferred that if humans could change species by artificial selection, then perhaps the same process could work in nature (__________ __________). 15.1 Darwin’s Theory of Natural Selection Chapter 15

11. Concepts That Emerged from Darwin’s Work… cont’d Evolution  ____________ ____________ – populations that get geographically separated may give rise to adaptations specifically ____________ to each environment. 15.1 Darwin’s Theory of Natural Selection Chapter 15

12. Principles of Natural Selection Evolution  Individuals in a population show ____________.  Variations can be ____________.  Organisms have more offspring than can ____________ on available resources (overproduction).  Variations that increase reproductive ____________ will have a greater chance of being ____________ on. 15.1 Darwin’s Theory of Natural Selection Chapter 15

13. Darwin & Wallace Evolution  Darwin published On the Origin of __________ by Means of __________ Selection in 1859.  Natural Selection was a means of explaining how evolution __________.  Wallace also studied & wrote about evolution, emphasizing ____________ of resources, while Darwin focused on ____________ success.  Darwin’s amount of data & thorough explanations caused his theories to be become ____________. 15.1 Darwin’s Theory of Natural Selection Chapter 15