1. Operational Amplifiers

4. Chapter 14. Operational Amplifiers

5. Operational Amplifiers Integrated circuit, also known as op amp. Wide range of applications.  Ideal operational amplifier : - inverting and non-inverting input terminals. - common mode signal & differential mode signal - infinite input impedances - zero output impedance - very large open –loop gain.

8. 14.2 Inverting amplifiers

11. Example 14.1 : Analysis of an inverting amplifier

25. Exercise 14-17

30. Exercise 14-18

32. Differentiator Circuit

33. Active Filters Produce bandpass and bandreject filters without using inductors. Inductors are usually large, heavy, costly and generate electromagnetic field. Fewer components Transfer function is insentitive to component tolerances. Allow a wide range of transfer functions. Inappropriate for monolithic fabrication.

34. Fig. 12.1.2 Filter Types. Fig. 12.2 Ideal transmission characteristics of the four major filter types : (a) low pass (LP), (b) high pass (HP), (c ) bandpass (BP) and (d) bandstop (BS).

35. Low –pass filter

37. Bode Plots Example 1

40. Bode Plots Example 2