1. Human Structure and Development 212
Abdomen 2
Abdomen – 2
Human Structure and Development 212
Week 7 – 2005
Avinash Bharadwaj
212-Wk6 L1 - avb 2005

2. Liver Peritoneal connections Diaphragmatic surface
Falciform ligament
Lesser omentum
Diaphragmatic surface
“Visceral” surface Details of relations not necessary
Ligamentum teres
Obliterated umbilical vein
Umbilical vein – blood from the placenta
Ligamentum venosum
Obliterated ductus venosus
Ductus venosus – shunt between portal vein and IVC

3. Portal Vein IMV  Splenic SMV + Splenic  Portal vein
Joined by smaller veins from stomach etc

4. Portasystemic anastomoses
Junctional regions
Oesophagus  systemic veins to thorax, stomach  portal vein
Anal canal (terminal part  systemic)
Other regions
“Bare area” of liver
Around the umbilicus
Around retroperitoneal organs
Liver disease especially “cirrhosis”
Portal hypertension  “varicosity”.

5. Posterior Abdominal Structures
Retroperitoneal structures
Secondary – duodenum, pancreas, colon*
Primary
Kidneys and ureters, suprarenal glands
Aorta, inferior vena cava and other vessels
Posterior abdominal wall

6. Adrenal (L)
IVC
Kidney (L)
Kidney (R)
Aorta QL
Psoas major
Hip Bone

7. Kidneys Shape, size, position Blood vessels and ureter
Hilum
Internal Structure
Cortex, medulla (pyramids)
Calyces
Pelvis*  ureter

8. Kidney – Internal Structure

9. Kidneys – “Relations” Different – Left and Right
Overlap with diaphragm

10. Abdominal Aorta Midline structure Branches Anterior unpaired  GIT
Entry at T12
Divides at L4
Branches
Anterior unpaired  GIT
Lateral paired
Kidneys, adrenals, gonads
To body wall – paired (except one!)

11. Inferior Vena Cava No tributaries from GIT!
Hepatic veins
Pattern of renal, gonadal and adrenal veins.
Complex developmental origins.

12. Posterior Wall Vertebral column Posterior muscles Anterior muscles
Psoas major
Quadratus lumborum
Fascial layers
Thoracolumbar fascia
Nerves and Blood vessels