1. Food eaten during frontier days Food eaten today Identifying Similarities & Differences hardtack cow or goal milk open range meats spring water homegrown veggies mincemeat Johnny Cakes Chicken fried Armadillos butter berries bread spices baking soda fast food ice cream domesticated meats city water Supermarket veggies pancakes chocolate

2. Example of Comparison

4. Example of Classification Content Area: Science Learning Goal: Understands that different animals live in different environments We have been learning that different animals live in different environments. Classify the following animals in terms of whether they live in water, forest, soil, or desert. ManateesLizardsSnakesDolphinsBear SquirrelsDucksTurtleWormsTortoise FrogsScorpionsmolesdeerRaccoon Now reclassify these animals using another set of criteria

5. Example of Metaphor His eyes are black pebbles. Her temper was a volcano. Disease is a river. My eyes are open doors. ---------------------------------------------------------- Graphic Organizer for Metaphors Element #1 Literal Pattern #1 AbstractAbstract Literal Pattern #2 Element #2

6. Example of Analogy thermometertemperature odometerspeed The relationship is that a thermometer measures temperature just as the odometer measures speed. is to as

7. Recommendations for Classroom Practice on Identifying Similarities & Differences c.Use a familiar context to teach steps Example: thermometer temperature odometerspeed measures Thermometer and odometer are both measurement devices

8. Recommendations for Classroom Practice on Identifying Similarities & Differences e.Guide students as they engage in this process. Gradually give less structure and less guidance. Example: ________ is to __________ in the movie Peter Pan as ________ is to __________ in Aladdin. Student-Structure Analogy