1. MUSCLES!

2. After this powerpoint…
You can:
Define what muscle is made of
Explain where they are found
Classify the three types of muscle
After this powerpoint…

3. Vocabulary:
Contractile – To become reduced in size by or as if by being drawn together
Fascia – connective tissues that surrounds muscles, groups of muscles, blood vessels, and nerves, like cling-wrap to a bunch of sandwiches
Tendon – A tough band of fibrous connective tissue that usually connects muscle to bone.

4. Vocabulary Epi- (prefix): on top of Peri- (prefix): about or around
Endo- (Prefix): within or inside
Myo- (Prefix): muscle
Sarco- (Prefix): flesh

5. Muscle is a contractile tissue of animals (including humans)

6. Why are muscles important? (remember MPH!)

7. Movement is the contractile ability of muscle tissues.
Example
One bone stays stationary while the other is drawn closer
It also allows for movement of tissues for important functions like:
Blood flow
Swallowing food
Breathing
Digestion & excretion
Function 1: Movement

8. Function 2: Posture Poor posture may lead to: Limited breathing
Stress/pain in back, knees, hips, shoulders
Stress on internal organs such as
Heart
Intestines
Liver
lungs
Function 2: Posture

9. Muscle provides a layer of insulation, helping the body to regulate temperature
Also, when the core body temperature drops, muscles ‘shiver’ to make heat for the body.
Function 3: Heat

10. Muscle
What is it made of?

11. Muscle Fibers Muscles are made of muscle cells called muscle fibers.
Muscle fibers are
Long
Cylindrical
Have more than one nucleus
Have striations (stripes)
Muscle Fibers

12. Muscle fibers contain myofibrils, which contain either actin or myosin.
These two act as the ‘motor’ of a muscle’s contraction
Muscle Fibers

13. A layered section of these actins and myosins is called a sarcomere
Myosin is thick and actin is thin, so these appear striped, or striated
(sarco = muscle)
In the presence of calcium, actin slides past myosin, causing the muscle fiber to contract
Muscle Fibers

14. Muscle Fibers A group of muscle fibers is called a fascicle
A group of fascicles is called a muscle
Every layer is individually wrapped in perimysium
Muscle Fibers

16. Types of muscle There are three types of muscle in the body SKELETAL
SMOOTH
CARDIAC
Types of muscle

17. Skeletal Skeletal muscle is also called voluntary muscle
It is attached to bones for movement
These are muscles you can control!
Skeletal

18. Smooth Smooth muscle is also called involuntary muscle
It is found at or in soft tissues and organs to provide movement
Peristalsis in esophagus
Diaphragm for breathing
Smooth

19. Cardiac Muscle Cardiac Muscle is different because:
The cells have one nucleus
It is resistant to fatigue
Its both striated and involuntary
The cells in cardiac muscle are interconnected, allowing for better transfer of signals
Cardiac Muscle

20. Muscle Naming Muscles can be named based on 4 categories
Location (Tibialis anterior)
Function (Levator scapulae)
Appearance (trapezius, rhomboids)
Attachment Sites (Sternocleidomastoid)
Muscle Naming