1. Language Testing Regimes in Europe Gabrielle Hogan-Brun University of Bristol, UK Metropolis Policy-Research Seminar, Ottawa, 22 Oct. 2009 1

2. EU member states 2

3. Migration: issues Population count Economic impact; contribution of migrants Needs of migrants, action plans and good practice in meeting those needs Impacts (services; infrastructure) Communication; co-existence; cohesion. Metropolis Policy-Research Seminar, Ottawa, 22 Oct. 20093

4. Migration: positions EU: Respect for linguistic and cultural diversity Diverse national discourses: multiculturalism as a social resource; moral position; problem Challenges & positions: multiculturalism & civil rights interculturalism - equality of cultures assimilation - mainstreaming in schools. Metropolis Policy-Research Seminar, Ottawa, 22 Oct. 2009 4

5. Measures for (im)migrants National gate-keeping measures include: integration programmes language tests knowledge of society tests Adoption of points system under consideration in UK. Metropolis Policy-Research Seminar, Ottawa, 22 Oct. 2009 5

6. Measures: rationale Official discourses: social justice & cohesion (moral) active citizenship ( political) means for newcomers to adapt democratic way to include them in public life. Metropolis Policy-Research Seminar, Ottawa, 22 Oct. 2009 6

7. Testing regimes Articulated at different policy levels: Immigration and entry Integration and residence Citizenship. Variation nationally; no EU framework. Metropolis Policy-Research Seminar, Ottawa, 22 Oct. 2009 7

8. Testing regimes: critique Use of tests as a means to control migration flows reliability, validity, relevance of tests appropriateness of tests on ethical, legal & linguistic grounds suitable to measure degree of integration? Metropolis Policy-Research Seminar, Ottawa, 22 Oct. 2009 8

9. Measures: criticisms Underlying purpose: Reasserted idea of integrity of nation rooted in stable monolingualism national means to deal with supposedly divisive multilingualism. Complexity of procedures in expanding EU. Is a more centralised approach needed? Metropolis Policy-Research Seminar, Ottawa, 22 Oct. 2009 9

10. Literature Extra, G., Spotti M., and P. Van Avermaet (eds). 2009. Testing regimes: Cross-National Perspectives on Language, Migration & Citizenship. Advances in Sociolinguistics. London/New York: Continuum. Hogan-Brun, G., C. Mar-Molinero & P. Stevenson (eds). 2009. Discourses on Language and Integration: Critical Perspectives on Language Testing Regimes in Europe. Amsterdam: J.Benjamins. Metropolis Policy-Research Seminar, Ottawa, 22 Oct. 2009

11. Merci. Thank you.