1. Christopher Boise Eric Cawley Gideon Oladunjoye Jose Paredes Matthew Cross Megan Guarnieri-Cleary 12-10-13Team 14054 1

2.  3D Model  Dead Volume Calculations  BOM  Humidification  Particle Sedimentation  ISO Pressure Requirements  Pressure Drop Across Components  Side Stream Block Diagram  Check Valve review  Lighting Mechanism  Procedure/Test Plan  Feedback Loop  Main Pump Specs  Side Stream Pump Specs  LabVIEW Overview  Electrical System  Electrical Flow Detail  Wiring Diagram  Week 12 Visions 12-10-13Team 14054 2

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6. Data Collection 12-10-13Team 14054 6

7.  Humidifier-  Old Volume- 720.70 cm 3  New Volume- 45.23 cm 3  Changed number of inlet holes & position  16X Smaller In Volume 12-10-13Team 14054 7

8.  Collection Chamber-  Old Volume- 1,235.58 cm 3  New Volume- 189.11 cm 3  6.5X Smaller In Volume 12-10-13Team 14054 8

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10.  Mainstream- 3/8 OD - 1/4 ID, Without Lung Cast  Dead Volume- 95.56 cm 3  Within ISO Standard  This test is how ISO defines its standards  Exclusion of Humidifier, collection chamber, Lung Cast 12-10-13Team 14054 10

11.  Mainstream- 1/2 OD – 3/8 ID, Without Lung Cast  Dead Volume- 130.34 cm 3  Over ISO Standard  This test is how ISO defines its standards  Exclusion of Humidifier, collection chamber, Lung Cast  Small change in tubing size will effect dead volume 12-10-13Team 14054 11

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16.  Total Cost to P-14054 $838.11  Team is still within the $1,000.00 budget! 12-10-13Team 14054 16

17.  Additional Benchmarking:  CH Technologies  Human Puff Profile Smoking Machine  No Mainstream Humidification  Cerulean  No Mainstream Humidification  Humidify Inhaled Air to ISO Standards 12-10-13Team 14054 17

18.  Implications of Humidification  Particle growth due to moist air  Growth affects placement of particle on the lung cast  Lung Cast Collection  Rinsed with Methanol  Particle placement disrupted in collection 12-10-13Team 14054 18

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20.  Assumptions  Incompressible flow  Sea level with standard atmosphere  Continuous fluid  Particles are modeled as spheres  Constant and uniform velocity  Particles start at the top of the tubing  2-dimensional analysis  Ideal flow  Constant properties  3/8” Tubing 12-10-13Team 14054 20

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22.  Reviewing particle size deposition results  Range of particle diameters  Two sizes chosen  Worst case scenario : 10μm  When measurable deposition begins : 4μm 12-10-13Team 14054 22

23.  Results Summary  ISO Standards : 2 s in between puffs  Tubing Design : 18 in of horizontal tubing Settling TimeSettling Length 10 μ m1.9 s14.9 in 4 μ m 11.99 s94.09 in 12-10-13Team 14054 23

24.  Conclusion  10 μm particles would have a chance to settle  4 μm particles would not have a chance to settle  Negligible deposition of particles larger than 3.2 μm  Most deposition occurs in particles ranging from 1μm to 0.18 μm  Negligible particle loss due to sedimentation 12-10-13Team 14054 24

25.  System flow resistance should be minimized  Pressure drop of flow path shall not exceed 300 Pa at a test flow rate of 17.5 mL/s.  Dirty filter system should not exceed a pressure drop of more than 250 Pa across. 12-10-13Team 14054 25

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28. Pressure Drop Across: Flow Rate (SLPM) 17.5 ml/s = 1.05L/min)Pressure Drop (Pa) (6 SLPM Δ P)/ (3 SLPM Δ P) Pressure Drop Standard Deviation (Pa) Cambridge Filter 3-373.3--6.40 6-746.62.0-5.33 Dirty Cambridge Filter* 3-386.6-4.93 6-799.92.16.13 Protection Filter 3-946.6-5.87 6-1879.82.07.73 Dirty Protection Filter** 3-1106.6-4.27 6-2319.82.16.67 Large Impinger 3-533.3-39.33 6-710.61.371.86 Large Impinger - Dirty Cambridge Filter - Clean Protection Filter 3-2026.5-12.27 6-3946.31.921.06 Small Impinger - Dirty Cambridge Filter - Clean Protection Filter 3-2119.8-6.67 6-4039.71.916.53 Small Impinger 3-466.6-33.86 6-573.31.245.46 12-10-13Team 14054 28

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30.  The check valve with the lowest cracking pressure was found to be.17 psi = 1,172 Pa.  Component pressure drop ranges:  400 – 4,000 Pa.  Assessment:  Simple check valve system will cause complications. 12-10-13Team 14054 30

31.  Solenoid valve.  Valve only needs to fully open and fully close.  They are “free”. 12-10-13Team 14054 31

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35. 1.Visually inspect system. a.Check for excessive ash or tarring. b.Check that all connections are secure. 2.Manually load system. a.Add cigarette. b.Add filters. 3.Close door activating door sensor. 4.Power on. 5.System check program. a.Check if door is closed. b.Check that valves are in correct positions. c.Check that fishtail chimney is in raised position via switch. d.Check that both mainstream and sidestream pumps are operational. e.Labview checks that nominal flow rates and pressures are achieved before ignition. 6.Record atmosphere conditions. a.Temperature (~22º C). b.Relative humidity (60 ± 5%). c.Atmospheric pressure (~100 kPa). 7.Warm up ignition coil. (~10 seconds) 8.Power on sidestream flow (3 SLPM). 12-10-13Team 14054 35

36. 9.Ignite cigarette via electric coil. a.Move in. b.Begin first puff. c.Stop via set distance (cigarette tip 1 cm from coil) i.Input length of cigarette in LabVIEW program. ii.Slidable switch d.If no response from switch stop program after a determined time. i.Coil will only be able to smash cigarette in worst case. e.Move away after determined time. f.Turn off ignition coil. 10.Lower fishtail chimney to 6mm above horizontal plate. a.Switch activated at bottom. 11.Puffing continues while LabVIEW corrects flow rates via feedback loops from pressure/flow sensors. 12.End of butt infrared detector activated. 13.Valve cuts off cigarette and opens flow to clean air. 14.Clear dead volume with clean air. 15.Termination of mainstream and sidestream pumps. 16.Raise fishtail chimney. a.Raising activates switch at top. 17.Indicate that system is clear and environment can be opened. 18.Retrieve cigarette butt and filters. 12-10-13Team 14054 36

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40. 1.Clean air enters testing atmosphere via negative pressure from ventilation. 2.Clean air is drawn to fishtail chimney via negative pressure from sidestream flow (3 SLPM) a.Air is drawn into tip of cigarette via mainstream negative pressure. i.Oxygen in air is burned for fuel in cigarette. ii.Air picks up various vapors are smoke particles. (Higher temperature). iii.Air passes through cigarette butt. (Filters out some larger particles). iv.Air passes through cigarette holder. v.Air passes through one of the mainstream collection systems. 1.Collection filter collecting most of the particles. (Pressure drop and restricted flow). 2.Lung cast particle deposition setup consisting of: a.Through humidification chamber adding moisture. b.Through lung cast. c.Exits through multiple exit points on lung cast into tubes. d.Consolidates with the other flow paths in the collection chamber. vi.Air passes through equipment protection filters. (Pressure drop and restricted flow). vii.Air is drawn into syringe pump. viii.Air is expelled from the syringe pump to exhaust flow path. 12-10-13Team 14054 40

41. b.Air is continues up fishtail chimney via negative pressure from sidestream flow (3 SLPM) i.Air mixes with sidestream smoke. ii.Air converges into a tube. iii.Air is filtered through main sidestream filter. (Pressure drop and restricted flow). iv.Air passes through impinger to collect leftover particles. (Pressure drop, restricted flow, bubbling flow). v.Air passes through secondary filters to “clean” air and protect equipment. (Pressure drop and restricted flow). vi.Air is drawn into sidestream pump c.Air is expelled to ventilation. 12-10-13Team 14054 41

42.  Ideal gas law:  P*V = n*R*T  Or:  P = ρ*T*R/M  So:  ρ = P*M/(R*T)  P = Absolute Pressure  V = Volume  R = Gas Constant  T = Temperature  ρ = Density  M = Molar Mass 12-10-13Team 14054 42

43.  For steady state conditions:  ṁ 1 = ṁ 2  Q 1 *ρ 1 = Q 2 *ρ 2  Q 1 = Q 2 *ρ 2 /ρ 1  From previous slide:  ρ = P*M/(R*T) CigaretteSystem Pump P2P2 P1P1 T1T1 T2T2 12-10-13Team 14054 43

44.  Model: OEM 570  9.5 x 4.25 x 3 inch in size  Run by step motor  200 steps per revolution  Motor/drive screw ratio: 60/15  16 revolutions per inch on drive screw 12-10-13Team 14054 44

45.  Model: Rocker 300  Oil-free Vacuum pump  Able to maintain 3 L/min flow rate 12-10-13Team 14054 45

46.  Multiple past VI’s  Main goal is to combine Main stream and Side stream programs into a single VI  Clean code, organized with notes 12-10-13Team 14054 46

47.  Front Panel – Set up tab 12-10-13Team 14054 47

48.  Front Panel – Monitoring tab 12-10-13Team 14054 48

49.  Old Machine Setup  22 SPST solid state Relays  1 DPDT solid state Relay  High Voltage Power Source 12-10-13Team 14054 49

50.  Preliminary Flow Diagram 12-10-13Team 14054 50

51.  Power System Design 12-10-13Team 14054 51

52. Signal Flow Diagram 12-10-13Team 14054 52

53. Preliminary Wire Diagram 12-10-13Team 14054 53

54.  Combining Main Stream and Side Stream Function  Lighting Specifics  Re-design ignition coil holder  Wiring  Fishtail Chimney Design  Flow feedback loop  Ventilation  3D model updates  Wiring diagram updates  Detailed Bill of Materials  Find Rubbermaid cart in ME Department 12-10-13Team 14054 54

55.  3D Model  Dead Volume Calculations  BOM  Humidification  Particle Sedimentation  ISO Pressure Requirements  Pressure Drop Across Components  Side Stream Block Diagram  Check Valve review  Lighting Mechanism  Procedure/Test Plan  Feedback Loop  Main Pump Specs  Side Stream Pump Specs  LabVIEW Overview  Electrical System  Electrical Flow Detail  Wiring Diagram  Week 12 Visions 12-10-13Team 14054 55

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