1. Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Chapter 5 Visualization

2. Visualization- The mental understanding of visual information “Nothing has been created, but first in the mind” Why would an engineer or designer need good visualization? Enhanced speed Accuracy Interpretation Faster modeling Communicate effectively 2D-3D= ______ projection 3D-2D=_______ projection

3. CAN you develop this skill to visualize? The human mind already does this in your environment Walk around Depth perception Peripheral view Trick is to transfer 3D images in minds eye to 2D paper

4. DESIGN PROCESS Trick! Decide what is the best representation method for each stage? Rough Sketch Mechanical Sketch CAD drawing/ Model

5. Steps in Design Visualization Recognize objects as shapes Look closer for distinguishing features of shapes What Can All shapes be broken down into? Points- Starting and ending of lines Edges- lines that represent a boundary between two faces Limiting Edges- line representing farthest outside feature of curved surface Faces- areas of uniform or gradually changing lightness bounded by edges

6. Projection of 3D to 2D Looking through a transparent film called an image plane 3 Variables Object Orientation Image Plane Eye of Viewer (LOS)

7. Camera Method AKA Parallel Projection/ Orthographic Projection

8. With an object plane parallel to the image plane what will you get? What if the object plane is inclined to the image plane? When do we get an edge view of a face?

9. Homework Practice

10. Homework Practice Elements of a Part

11. Homework Handout

12. What are different kinds of data Engineers deal with? Qualitative- symbolic, no values (used for labeling and identifying) Quantitative- (Majority of data) Has values (# of components) Nominal vs. Ordinal? No Order vs. Order (Months, days of week)

13. Two Divisions when dealing with numbers of components Scalar- one component on a scale Vector- magnitude and direction Examples? Simple Marks Points-2D Areas-2D Volumes-3D Complex Marks Surface Plots-3D Contour Plots-2D

14. Surface Plots Connect 3D data points to create a surface FEA Example?

15. Contour Plots Visualize data with 2 independent variable values in a 2D plot (Axes are same) What is this element called? Isoline- a line of constant value Example?

16. Scientific Data Collection (Homework is to select what graph should we use?) 1.How many are freshman, sophomores, juniors, seniors? 2.How many are MET, DGET, MFET, undecided majors? 3.How many fish? How many primarily fly fish vs. spin cast? 4.5 Volunteers with 5 sheets of scratch paper (2x) 5.1 Volunteer with 5 sheets of scratch paper at different distances (2x) 6.Time preparing for class (Homework, reading, studying etc.) (1=0 hrs/wk, 2= 1-5 hrs/ wk, 3=6-10 hrs/wk, 4=11-15 hrs/ wk, 5=16-20 hrs/wk, 6=21-25 hrs/wk, 7=26-30 hrs/wk) –WSU 3.89 –Carnegie 4.05 7. Come to class without completing readings or assignments (1=never, 2=sometimes, 3=often, 4=very often) –WSU 2.06 –Carnegie 1.96

17. How can we make the data somewhat readable to someone else? Shapes Colors Orientation Key

18. What is the difference between a dependant and independent variable? (A) Heat is independent because it is controlled by researcher (x axis) (B) Pressure is dependent because it is not directly controlled by researcher (y axis)

19. Most Common Visualization Graphs 2D- Controlled by 2 axes or scales Which axis is dependant? Regression line graph- estimates future or averages Is the qualitative data on the bottom ordinal or Nominal?

20. Bar Graph Which axis has qualitative vs. quantitative? Is the qualitative data on the bottom ordinal or Nominal?

21. Horizontal bar Graph What changes? Quantitative and Qualitative change axes Dependent is now on x axis

22. Composite Bar Graph Sub-values are measured together Is the qualitative data on the bottom ordinal or Nominal?

23. Multi-line Graph Allow more than one independent variable on single graph How did they distinguish different elements? Color & Shape

24. Homework Create 4 different Graph types for Table 5.35 & 5.37 or 4 graphs from the data we collected in class