1. Graphics, Hypermedia, and Multimedia

2.  Prentice HallSlide 2 Focus on Computer Graphics Computer graphics include: –Painting Software –Digital Image Processing –Drawing Software –3-D Modeling Software –CAD/CAM –Presentation Software

3.  Prentice HallSlide 3 Painting Software GrAphicSGrAphicS Pixels:tiny dots of white, black or color arranged on the screen Bit-Mapped Graphics:pictures that are simple maps showing how the pixels should be arranged on the screen J a r g o n Resolution:the number of pixels (dots) per inch

4.  Prentice HallSlide 4 Use pointing devices to “paint” objects, shapes or freehand script on the screen Painting Software

5.  Prentice HallSlide 5 Painting Software Painting tools are used to create drawings A variety of special effects can be added

6.  Prentice HallSlide 6 Outlined shapes can be filled with colors Painting Software Windows Paint

7.  Prentice HallSlide 7 Digital Image Processing: Photographic Editing by Computer Why Digital Imaging Software?  Provides a powerful way to edit high resolution images captured by digital cameras and scanners  Allows photographs to be edited and combined (think of the supermarket tabloids)  Offers a way to touch up pictures and make them look more professional and polished

8.  Prentice HallSlide 8 Digital Image Processing Start with this photo… Combine it with other images to create this… Or this…

9.  Prentice HallSlide 9 Digital Image Processing: Software Adobe Photoshop  Acquires images  Manipulates pixels  Layers – edited and stored independently  Used by professionals  Saves in other formats

10.  Prentice HallSlide 10 Digital Image Processing: Software  Coral PhotoPaint  Adobe Photoshop Elements  Microsoft Picture It!  Jasc Paint Shop  Apple iPhoto

11.  Prentice HallSlide 11 Drawing: Object-Oriented Graphics Object-Oriented Software offers drawing tools similar to painting software Pointing devices are used to create various shapes

12.  Prentice HallSlide 12 Drawing Shapes in Object-Oriented Software: –Are stored as formulas (not pixels) that describe how to draw that shape –Drawings are smoother and require less memory than bit-mapped drawings –Resolution is not fixed

13.  Prentice HallSlide 13 Drawing: Software Adobe Illustrator Macromedia Freehand Corel Draw

14.  Prentice HallSlide 14 Painting Pixels vs. Drawing Object Shapes –You have more control over textures, shading, and fine detail –Use for creating screen displays (for video games, multimedia presentations, and Web pages) When painting with pixels:

15.  Prentice HallSlide 15 Painting Pixels vs. Drawing Object Shapes When painting with pixels: –Use for simulating natural paint media –Use to embellish photographic images

16.  Prentice HallSlide 16 Painting Pixels vs. Drawing Object Shapes When drawing object shapes: –shapes and lines are cleaner and smoother –use for creating printed graphs, charts, and illustrations

17.  Prentice HallSlide 17 Graphics File Formats Tiff – bit-mapped, images from scanners, widely supported EPS – encapsulated postscript Native file formats For commercial printing

18.  Prentice HallSlide 18 Graphics File Formats BMP – Windows bit-map PICT – Macintosh, both bit-mapped and object-oriented Platform dependent Paint programs

19.  Prentice HallSlide 19 Graphics File Formats: for the WEB GIF 256 possible colours Lossless compression JPEG Photo-realistic Lossy compression

20.  Prentice HallSlide 20 Presentation graphics software is used to create visual aids for: –Lectures –Training and education sessions –Sales and product demonstrations –Meetings Presentation Graphics: Bringing Lectures to Life

21.  Prentice HallSlide 21 Presentation Graphics: Bringing Lectures to Life –Users can Enter text in outline form –Enhance text with font and style changes, clip art, audio, and video clips –Add Special effects and transitions to computer “slide shows” ( like this one )

22.  Prentice HallSlide 22 CAD/CAM: From Pictures to Products Engineers,architects, and designers use CAD/CAM software to design or manufacture products

23.  Prentice HallSlide 23 CAD/CAM: From Pictures to Products –CAD (computer-aided design) is a modern drafting tool for designers Designs can be tested under various conditions before being built –CAM (computer-aided manufacturing) is a program that controls the manufacturing of parts CAM uses data from a CAD program to build the part that was designed

24.  Prentice HallSlide 24 Modern media often contains dynamic information that changes over time or in response to user input Dynamic Media: Beyond the Printed Page

25.  Prentice HallSlide 25 Animation: Graphics in Time Create the illusion of animation from still images with animated graphics

26.  Prentice HallSlide 26 Animation: Graphics in Time Tedious tasks have been automated with computers and animation software Toy Story was the first full-length animated movie created on a computer Artist draws the key frames only In-between frames are computer-drawn

27.  Prentice HallSlide 27 3-D Modeling Software Illustrators and designers use this software to add depth to two dimensional objects

28.  Prentice HallSlide 28 Objects can be stretched…rotated … and combined with other objects 3-D Modeling Software

29.  Prentice HallSlide 29 3-D Modeling Software Volume based Medicine and scientific visualization Surface based Photo-realistic TV, movies, computer games

30.  Prentice HallSlide 30 3-D Modeling Software Surface based High performance computers and custom software E.G. Jurassic Park: dinosaurs are 6.5 minutes Required 50 people, 18 months and $15 million equipment

31.  Prentice HallSlide 31 3-D Modeling Process Model description –Solids –Polygon surface –Wire-frame Artist models (defines) a 3-D actor

32.  Prentice HallSlide 32 3-D Animation Places the 3-D actor into the scene Scene is composed of multiple actors and background and timing and camera movement Scenes are rendered: computer software does the lighting, shading, perspective, hidden surface removal

33.  Prentice HallSlide 33 Desktop Video: Computers, Film and TV Video digitizers allow you to capture analog video images as digital data that can be stored and manipulated in the computer’s memory

34.  Prentice HallSlide 34 A U D i O Hypertext:a cross reference system that links related data J a r g o n The Synthetic Musician MIDI:Musical Instrument Digital Interface Hypermedia:Combination of text, sound, numbers, graphics, music, animation, and other media in hyper-linked documents

35.  Prentice HallSlide 35 The Synthetic Musician: Computers and Audio Add sound to any multimedia project by using: –digitized audio (music or any sound) from a CD or audio file –synthesized audio (music or sound) using MIDI instrument

36.  Prentice HallSlide 36 Hypertext and Hypermedia allow you to quickly go to other parts of a document or other related documents. Examples include: –Help files that use hypertext to jump to different help screens –Web pages that allow you to jump between documents over the Internet Hypertext and Hypermedia

37.  Prentice HallSlide 37 Interactive Multimedia: Eye, Ear, Hand, and Mind Combine text, graphics, animation, video, music, or sound effects in such a way that the user takes an active part in the experience

38.  Prentice HallSlide 38 Interactive Multimedia: Eye, Ear, Hand, and Mind –Requirements: high-quality color monitors, fast processors, large memory, CD-ROM drives, speakers, and sound cards –The user controls the flow of information and is not a passive viewer

39.  Prentice HallSlide 39 Multimedia Authoring: Making Mixed Media Create and edit multimedia projects. –Begin with source documents (text, graphics, video clips, music, and sound files) –Multimedia authoring software allows you to combine the individual sources –Authoring software allows the project to be interactive (requiring the user to take an active role)

40.  Prentice HallSlide 40 –may increase communication –give people control over the flow of information –allow participation in democratic decision making Interactive Media: Visions of the Future Positive effects Negative effects –may further remove us from books, people, and the natural world “The future of writing is in space, not in time.” William S. Burroughs