1. Carbohydrates (CHO)

2. 40-65% of our daily caloric intake should be from carbohydrates Simple Carbohydrates – Monosaccharides Glucose, fructose, galactose – Disaccharides Lactose, maltose, sucrose – Provide immediate energy Complex Carbohydrates – Starch Plants – Glycogen Animals – Fiber Non-digestible – Provide delayed energy

3. Simple or Complex? Soda White rice Orange Grapes Candy Brown rice Apple Noodles Whole grain bread White bread Strawberries Juice Tortillas Potato Sweet Potato Marshmallows Kidney Beans Oatmeal Cereal Corn Cake

4. Soda White rice Orange Grapes Candy Brown rice Apple Noodles Whole grain bread White bread Strawberries Juice Tortillas Watermelon Potato Sweet Potato Marshmallows Kidney Beans Oatmeal Cereal Corn Cake

5. Food is eaten and digested (broken down into glucose) Glucose is easily absorbed into the bloodstream, causing blood glucose levels to rise An increase in blood glucose levels triggers the pancreas to release insulin into the bloodstream Insulin takes glucose out of the bloodstream and takes it to the cells to be used for immediate energy or stored as either glycogen or fat

6. As the body’s cells use glucose, blood sugar levels start to drop A drop in blood glucose levels triggers the pancreas to release glucagon into the bloodstream Glucagon stimulates the liver to break down glycogen into glucose and release it into the bloodstream Blood glucose levels begin to rise again.

7. What foods cause a high glycemic response? Soybean 100% whole grain bread Kidney beans Apple Ice cream Rice, white Carrots Bread, white Tomatoes Watermelon Potato, baked Corn Grapefruit Bananas Rice, brown Oatmeal Chocolate, milk Bagel

8. What foods cause a high glycemic response? Soybean - 18 100% whole grain bread - 51 Kidney beans - 30 Apple - 38 Ice cream - 61 Rice, white - 70 Carrots - 49 Bread, white - 95 Tomatoes - 15 Watermelon - 72 Potato, baked - 95 Corn - 70 Grapefruit - 25 Bananas - 60 Rice, brown - 50 Oatmeal - 55 Milk chocolate - 70 Bagel - 72