1. Learning Target: Principles of Ecology Learning Target: Principles of Ecology Ch. 13.1 pp. 396 – 400 Ch. 13.2 pp. 402 - 404

2. I Can.…List and Identify the organizational levels in a biome Identify how both biotic and abiotic factors affect an ecosystem Explain why producers are so important to an ecosystem I Will… Label the levels within a biome Describe how an ecosystem is affected by An abiotic factor A keystone species

3. Ecology – Study of the relationships among organisms and their environment. Gr. Oikos = house

4. Levels of organization Organism – any individual living thing Population – group of the same species Species – organisms of the same type genetically similar enough to reproduce viable (alive), fertile (capable of reproduction) offspring. Community - various populations living together in one area

5. Levels of organization (continued) Ecosystem - all the living (biotic) and nonliving (abiotic) components in an area interacting together Abiotic factors Temperature, wind, moisture level, air pressure, sunlight Biome – major regional or global community of organisms characterized by climate conditions and plant life Earth – 7% is Tropical Rain Forest Accounts for 50% of Earth’s plant and animal species

6. Organism Population Community Ecosystem Biome Changing one factor, biotic or abiotic, in an ecosystem can affect many other components of the system

7. creation of wetland ecosystem increased waterfowl Population increased fish population nesting sites for birds keystone species Keystone species – Species that has an unusually large effect on an ecosystem

8. Learning Check  : Principles of Ecology Learning Check  : Principles of Ecology Give an example of a keystone species and describe its impact on its ecosystem. Use the vocabulary terms; biotic, abiotic, population, community, and ecosystem in your description.

9. Energy in Ecosystems: Ch. 13.3 & 13.4 Life needs a source of energy to survive Producers – Organisms that get their energy from nonliving resources (make their own food) A.K.A – Autotrophs Consumers – Organisms that get their energy by eating other living or once living resources A.K.A - Heterotrophs

10. Energy in Ecosystems: Life needs a source of energy to survive Photosynthesis – Process by which light energy is converted into chemical energy (food/sugar) Chemosynthesis – Process by which ATP (energy molecule) is synthesized/made from chemical resources instead of light

11. Energy in Ecosystems: Life needs a source of energy to survive Herbivores – Eat only plants Carnivores - Eat only animals Omnivores - Eat both plant and animals Detritivores - Eat dead decaying matter Decomposers – Breakdown organic matter and return nutrients to ecosystem

12. Energy in Ecosystems: Life needs a source of energy to survive Specialists - Eats primarily one type of food Generalists - Consume a variety of foods

13. Energy in Ecosystems: Life needs a source of energy to survive Food chain – Shows a sequence of feeding relationships Only follows the connection between one producer and a single chain of consumers Food web – Complex network of feeding relationships

14. Trophic Levels Levels of nourishment in a food chain Most energy at the bottom. Energy is lost as heat and used by organism

15. Energy in Ecosystems: Learning Check What are you? Producer Primary consumer/herbivore Omnivore Carnivore Briefly explain your answer.