2. O RIGINS Factors leading to the birth of Musical Theatre: The large amounts of immigrants making up the U.S. in late 19th & early 20th centuries and their respective music & dance traditions. The Minstrel shows, musical revues, and vaudeville paved the way. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wFYmz0Mq9xI

3. WHERE WAS THIS HAPPENING?

4. N EW Y ORK CITY

5. B ROADWAY WAS THE HEART OF MUSIC THEATRE Showboat (1927) established American Musical Theatre and it has been evolving ever since. Oklahoma, West Side Story, My Fair Lady, Jesus Christ Superstar, Sweeney Todd, Rent, The Lion King, Wicked, Book of Mormon….and the list goes on and on.

6. TYPES OF MUSICALS OPERA – La Traviata COMIC OPERA- HMS Pinafore MUSICAL COMEDY- Guys and Dolls MUSICAL REVUE- Smokey Joe’s Cafe ROCK OPERA- Jesus Christ Superstar MUSICAL PLAY- Fiddler on the Roof

7. WHO’S WHO IN MUSICALS? COMPOSER The person who writes the score (the music). LYRICIST The person who writes the lyrics. FRANK LOESSER 1910-1969 He wrote Guys and Dolls, How to Succeed in Business without Really Trying, Baby It’s Cold Outside

8. WHO’S WHO IN MUSICALS Choreographer The person who designs the dances for the stage Choreographers can develop their own distinct styles: What musical are these pictures from? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mcrZIK3gqbU

9. WHO’S WHO IN MUSICALS Director In charge of the artistic vision of the whole production. Tadeusz Bradecki on Guys and Dolls: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gHOO_j54vCc

10. In New York City, you’ll meet wise guys and chorus gals, gamblers and actresses, cops and bobby-soxers. Pious Sarah Brown, a sergeant at the Save-A-Soul mission, wants to save their souls while Nathan Detroit needs $1000 to save the city’s oldest floating craps game. Enter high- roller Sky Masterson who takes Nathan’s crazy bet – to woo the virtuous Sarah! Guys and Dolls has been called the “greatest of all American musicals.”

11. SONGS THAT LIVE ON… Some songs from musicals have been adopted by musicians and reinterpreted. They are introduced to new listeners because of this and sometimes take on a life of their own. “Hello, Dolly” “I’ll Never Fall in Love Again” “Send in the Clowns” “Popular” “If I Were a Rich Man”

12. IF I WERE A BELL If I Were A Bell is sung by Sgt. Sarah Brown after a night in Havana. 1992 Guys and Dolls Revival: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bC_cdx7QXq4 How would you describe this song?

13. BROADWAY VERSION Very clear diction Emphasis on the story Vibrato Sarah sings with character Interplay with the other actor in the scene Full orchestra accompaniment

14. M ILES D AVIS Q UINTET http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=36wafFjFdYs What do you hear? What instrument has the melody?

15. Instruments: Miles Davis -trumpet John Coltrane -tenor saxophone Red Garland -piano Paul Chambers -bass Philly Joe Jones –drums No lyrics More improvisation Melody clear at begin and end of piece

16. E LLA F ITZGERALD http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KqVYFztmxds How does this version differ from the original?

17. E LLA … Different tone of voice Takes more liberties with the melody, especially in the second verse Diction is clear but her phrasing is interesting- not as concerned with telling the story to advance plot Featured instruments

18. S ARAH V AUGHAN

19. S ARAH AND J OE Slightly more laid back feel Playful, personalizes song Duet Character in voice- slides, pronunciation of text, vibrato Changes to rhythm