1. THE TANG AND SONG DYNASTIES

2.  Ruled from 618-907  Main leaders  Tang Taizong- began Tang dynasty and expanded into North and West  Wu Zhao- led campaign into Korea, only official female emperor of China

7.  Restored bureaucracy  Larger upper class emerged, called “gentry”  Poetry- Li Bo and Tu Fu  Regained control over Silk Road  Improved the Grand Canal (which had lost the Sui Dynasty support) and roads  Promoted foreign trade and agricultural improvements (terrace farming)

11.  HEAVY taxes- remember the mandate of heaven?  Defeated by Muslim armies in 751- lost land  Loss of Central Asia caused general decline  Last two emperors murdered in 904 and 907

12.  Lasted from 960-1279  Main leader: Song Taizu  Reunited China after warlords split China up into ten separate kingdoms following Tang Dynasty

14.  Had at least 10 cities with population over 1 million  Imported new variety of rice from Vietnam  Became very successful traders- result was many foreigners living in Chinese cities  Painting with Daoist influences became popular  Carefully studied human anatomy and made models of the body  Made advancements to math and algebra (negative numbers)  Restored civil service exam’s popularity  Spread Buddhism

16.  Jurchens from Manchuria attacked and established the Jin Empire  Forced Song Dynasty south

18.  Had major military issues (nomads), but were a significant economic power  Traded with nomads, Jin Dynasty, and people of the Middle East and Europe  The end: Mongols Invade!!!

19.  Porcelain  Developed in China in late 700s  Developed in Europe in 1708

20. - China- developed in 725 - Europe- introduced in 1176

21.  Chinese: Block printing- 700s Movable type- 1040 - Europe- Block printing- 1400s; Movable type 1453

22.  Chinese- 800s  Europe- 1248

23.  China- 960s  Europe- 1660s

24.  China: 1080s  Europe: 1187