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Mauryan Dynasty; (322 B.C.E. to 185 B.C.E.) Imperial state of the South Asian subcontinent Founder: Chandragupta Maurya.
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Divided empire into provinces. Each had a capital city and a prince (emperor’s representative).
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Provinces sub-divided into districts. A minister in charge of the local bureaucrats. Hired from among the district’s people.
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Like the Persian Empire, Mauryan rulers relied on spies to keep taps on distant providences.
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Ashoka Maurya (268-232 B.C.E.), Ashoka the Great Chandragupta’s grandson Converted to Buddhism
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The Rock and Pillar Edicts; laws of Asoka. Laws designed to move politics away from religion and magic to ______.
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Decline: 1.Poor leadership 2.Army became ineffective 3.Government officials became idle.
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Gupta Dynasty: Smaller than the Mauryan Empire (320 C.E. to 550 C.E.) Golden Age for India
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Governed same as Mauryan rulers. Pataliputra was intellectual and cultural center of Empire.
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Like Western Europe, after the Gupta Empire collapses, India becomes politically decentralized. Due to the India’s unparalleled cultural diversity. Both regions created enduring civilizations in the absence of a consistent, encompassing imperial state.
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Built roads that connected commercial centers. One long road connected northeast and northwest cities.
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Hinduism was India’s major religion. Like Constantine, Ashoka policies towards religious unity allowed for the spread of Buddism.
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Buddhism develops. Spread by Ashoka: 1.Believed his “dhamma” should show generosity to Brahmans and ascetics. 2.Built Buddhist monasteries. 3.Sent missionaries outside empire. Buddhism spreads to China along the Silk Road.
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Art influenced by Greeks and Romans. Example: Gandhara Buddhas Greek Indian
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Development of the Stupa. Structure housing the cremated remains of saintly figure. Most important type of Buddhist monument.
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Built free hospitals. First to use inoculations.
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Developed an easy to use numerical symbols 0 through 9 (known as Arabic numerals).
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Unified currency
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Spices & silks silks cotton goods spices gold & ivory cotton goods horses rice & wheat gold & ivory India became trading crossroads. Goods pass from China to Mediterranean Sea. Spices and gemstones from Southeast Asia. Indian textiles go to Rome.
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Indian Ocean Sea Lanes connected Indian ports with East Africa, Persian Gulf, and Indonesia. Regular trading relations with Rome.
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Ended slavery.
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Society based on Caste System. Shudras (farmers) Vaishyas (merchants) Kshatriyas(Warriors) Pariahs [Harijan] Untouchables (non-Aryans) Brahmins(Priest/Rulers)
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That concludes India. Any questions before the quiz on the next slide?
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