1. Colin Green, Tyler Simowitz
Chordata (Fish)
Myxini(Hagfish) Cephalaspidomorphi(Lampreys) Chondrichthyes(Sharks, Rays) Actinopterygii(ray-finned fish) Actinistia(Coelacanths) Dipnoi(Lungfish)
Colin Green, Tyler Simowitz
Tyler

2. What is a fish?
What we call “fish” only apply to one clade of vertebrates - the Actinopterygians, which we will discuss later
However, for all of our sakes, we will refer to all of the following as “fish”
Colin, Tyler

3. Chordata
colin

4. Hagish (Myxini)
colin

5. Lamprey(Ceohalaspidomorphi)
colin

6. Ray-Finned(Actinopterygii)
Tyler

7. Shark(Chondrichthyes)
Tyler

8. Lungfish(Dipnoi) Tyler
Tyler

9. Body Cavity Myxini: coelom Cephalaspidomorphi: coelom, vertebrae
Chondrichthyes: coelom, vertebrae, jaw
Actinopterygii: coelom, vertebrae, jaw
Actinistia: coelom, vertebrae, jaw
Dipnoi: coelom, vertebrae, jaw
Colin, Tyler

10. Body Symmetry Myxini: symmetrical Cephalaspidomorphi: symmetrical
Chondrichthyes: symmetrical
Actinopterygii: symmetrical
Actinistia: symmetrical
Dipnoi: symmetrical
Colin, Tyler

11. Nervous System Myxini: yes, 2 brains
Cephalaspidomorphi: dorsal nerve, true nervous system
Chondrichthyes: yes
Actinopterygii: yes
Actinistia: yes
Dipnoi: yes
Colin, Tyler

12. Circulatory System Myxini: present, 4 hearts
Cephalaspidomorphi: present
Chondrichthyes: present
Actinopterygii: present
Actinistia: present
Dipnoi: seperation of pulmonary
Colin, Tyler

13. Digestive System Myxini: slow metabolism, can go 7 months without food
Cephalaspidomorphi: parasite, sucks blood, rows of teeth
Chondrichthyes: spiral valve, prolongs passage of food, stomach
Actinopterygii: stomach, intestines
Actinistia: stomach, intestines
Dipnoi: stomach, intestines
Colin, Tyler

14. Excretory System Myxini: mouth, anus Cephalaspidomorphi: mouth, anus
Chondrichthyes: mouth, anus, bladder
Actinopterygii: mouth, anus, large amounts of dilute urine, controls salt:water balance
Actinistia: mouth, anus, dilute urine
Dipnoi: mouth, anus, urine
Colin, Tyler

15. Locomotion/Musculature
Myxini: paddle like tail, sluggish
Cephalaspidomorphi: tail to propel
Chondrichthyes: power movement of trunk and caudal(tail), propel forward, dorsal fins - stability, paired pectoral (fore) and pelvic (hind) help float
Actinopterygii: fins for maneuvering and defense
Actinistia: fins
Dipnoi: tail and pectoral-pelvic fins
Colin, Tyler

16. Skeletal Structure Myxini: skull contains cartilage
Cephalaspidomorphi: cartilage skeleton
Chondrichthyes: cartilage, mineralized skeleton Actinopterygii: bony
Actinistia: bony
Dipnoi: bony, skull
Colin, Tyler

17. Sensory Structures Myxini:eyes, ears, naval openings, one norstril
Cephalaspidomorphi: large eyes, one nostril
Chondrichthyes: sharp vision, nostrils, detect electric fields
Actinopterygii: eyes, nostrils
Actinistia: eyes, nostrils
Dipnoi: eyes, nostrils
Colin, Tyler

18. Reproduction
Myxini: lay eggs, no larvae stages, some hermaphrodites. Not well known
Cephalaspidomorphi: egg-larvae-metamorphus-adult
Chondrichthyes: eggs fertilized internally, pelvic fins-transfer sperm. Oviparous - newborn hatches outside of body, Ovoviviparous- internally
Actinopterygii: eggs fertalized/born outside
Actinistia:give birth to live young
Dipnoi: external, dig hole in mud to protect
Colin, Tyler

19. Gas Exchange Myxini: one gill Cephalaspidomorphi: 7 gills
Chondrichthyes: uses gills
Actinopterygii: gills
Actinistia:gills
Dipnoi:gills and lungs
Colin, Tyler

20. Unique Features Myxini: creates slime for protection
Ceohalaspidomorophi: attack humans only when they are starving
Chondrichthyes: more dense than water makes them sink if they stop swimming
Actinopterygii: includes 96% of all fish species
Actinistia: Still alive, 2 species have been found
Dipnoi: In dry periods, they burrow into the mud and go into a fish hibernation
Colin, Tyler

21. Quiz 1. Which was the first “bony” fish? A)Dipnoi B)actinopterygii
C)Chondrichthyes
D)Ceohalaspidomorphi
Colin, Tyler

22. B is the correct answer

23. 2. Which of the following has two brains? A) Myxini B)Actinistia
C)Ceohalaspidomorphi
D)Dipnoi
E)Chondrichthyes
Colin, Tyler

24. The correct answer is A, Myxini have two brains and four hearts

25. 3. What is the fin called that propels a shark forward A)Pectoral
B)Pelvic
C)Caudal
D)Dorsal
Colin, Tyler

26. Correct answer is C

27. 4. What do lampreys have that Myxini don’t A)Nostrils B)Bones C)Eyes
D)Vertebrae
Colin, Tyler

28. Correct answer is D