1. Education in Africa Sudan and Kenya Case Studies

2. The percentage of people in a country that can read and write. First of all … what is literacy rate?

3. US There are over 7,000 higher education institutions in the U.S. with over 15 – 18 million students enrolled Total population - 308,095,165 Total of 124,110 elementary / secondary schools!

4. Sudan Literacy rate in 1956 - 22.9 %, and, despite the efforts of successive governments, by 1990 it had risen only to about 30 % Education in Southern Sudan worse than Northern Sudan Of the more than 5,400 primary schools in 1980, less than 14 percent were located in southern Sudan renewal of the civil war in mid- 1983 destroyed many schools – many teachers and students were among the refugees fleeing the ravages of war in the south

5. Sudan 2006 – of the 2922 schools in southern Sudan – less than 16% had permanent buildings (mostly due to the civil war destroying many of the school buildings) By 1980 – 6 universities / 11 colleges / 23 technical schools – ALL of which are in the Northern provinces By 2000 - 26 public universities and 21 private universities and colleges. 190 upper-secondary schools in the public system in 1980 In 1999-2000 - 38,623 students

6. Sudan Education for girls Traditionally – girls were not encouraged to go to school – their place and value was at home! – Parents felt that schools would corrupt the moral value of the girls – Value of girls was from dowry received at their marriage First intermediate school for girls – 1940 By 1980 – 34% of students – girls 1995 – 13% of college/university students – girls!

7. Kenya Population - 28.7 million people 6 public / 13 private universities - enrollment of about 50,000 students. 2000 – 250 middle-level colleges – enrollment of more than 60,000 students female students make up about 30 percent of total enrollments in the public universities The pupil-teacher ratio has risen in some cases to more than 100-1. Even the average 60-1 ratio is quite high.

8. Kenya Free Education Introduced 1973 - a policy of free primary education introduced but it had to be reversed soon after – teachers and the school infrastructure could not cope with the one million new admissions that arrived in the first two months. 2003 - free and compulsory primary education for all 2006 - the number of children enrolled in Kenya's 18,000 primary schools had doubled Almost 80 % of girls and boys are enrolled Overall literacy rate has shot up to 74 %

9. Note … most of the lowest percentages of literacy rate occur in Africa Literacy rate – the number of people in a country who can read and write