1. Drugs

2. Generic vs Brand Name Indication: Indication: The reason why you would take a medication The reason why you would take a medication e.g. an indication for ibuprofen is fever or inflammation e.g. an indication for ibuprofen is fever or inflammation Contraindication: Contraindication: The reason you should not take a medication The reason you should not take a medication e.g. A contraindication for Accutane is pregnancy. e.g. A contraindication for Accutane is pregnancy. Adverse Effects Adverse Effects Side Effects that can occur if medication is taken Side Effects that can occur if medication is taken e.g. Adverse Effect of Tylenol is hepatotoxicity. e.g. Adverse Effect of Tylenol is hepatotoxicity.

3. Names for a drug. A pharmaceutical company spends millions of dollars and years developing a drug. A pharmaceutical company spends millions of dollars and years developing a drug. Once it has been approved by the FDA and is patented, only that company can produce that drug for 10 years. Once it has been approved by the FDA and is patented, only that company can produce that drug for 10 years. The company will create a brand name for the drug (something that is catchy). The company will create a brand name for the drug (something that is catchy). Once 20 years are over any company may produce that drug. It is called the generic. Once 20 years are over any company may produce that drug. It is called the generic. Classic example is Ibuprofen (generic name) for Advil or Motrin (brand name). Classic example is Ibuprofen (generic name) for Advil or Motrin (brand name).

4. Antibiotics (abx) Hundreds of types-Most work by destroying the wall of bacteria Hundreds of types-Most work by destroying the wall of bacteria Cephalosporins Cephalosporins Duricef, Keflex, Omnicef, Rochephin Duricef, Keflex, Omnicef, Rochephin Macrolids (aka “mycins”)-Mostly used for respiratory infections Macrolids (aka “mycins”)-Mostly used for respiratory infections Erythromycin, Azythromycin (Z-Pak), Clarithromycin (Biaxin) Erythromycin, Azythromycin (Z-Pak), Clarithromycin (Biaxin) Sulfonamides (aka Sulfa) Sulfonamides (aka Sulfa) Bactrim and Septra Bactrim and Septra Used commonly for UTIs and Skin Abscesses Used commonly for UTIs and Skin Abscesses Quinolones Quinolones Cipro and Levaquin are most common Cipro and Levaquin are most common Penicillin Penicillin Oldest abx Oldest abx Amoxycillin, Ampicillin, Augmenting are common variations Amoxycillin, Ampicillin, Augmenting are common variations

5. Drugs 1. Aspirin (Acetylsalicylic Acid aka ASA) Is an anti-inflammatory, anti-pyretic, and analgesic (pain) However, causes stomach ulcers Kids with a virus shouldn’t take it; Reyes Syndrome 2. Acetaminophen (Tylenol) Is a anti-pyretic and analgesic, but not an anti-inflammatory 3. Ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil) Super great anti-inflammatory, anti-pyretic and analgesic It is an NSAID (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug) 4. Steroids (e.g. Prednisone) Great anti-inflammatory, but not a anti-pyretic or analgesic Long-term dangers Non-drug therapy R.I.C.E. (Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation)

6. Pain Medications Morphine Morphine Made from opium, like heroine. Made from opium, like heroine. Commonly given IV or IM. Commonly given IV or IM. Hydrocodone and Oxycodone Hydrocodone and Oxycodone Commonly mixed with Tylenol (Acetaminophen) in the brand names Vicodin and Lortab Commonly mixed with Tylenol (Acetaminophen) in the brand names Vicodin and Lortab Most commonly given orally Most commonly given orally Both are highly addictive Both are highly addictive

7. Diabetes 1.Insulin shots or pumps 1.Insulin shots or pumps Humulog and Novolog are most popular Humulog and Novolog are most popular 2. Metformin (Glucophage) is most commonly orally prescribed DM drug. 2. Metformin (Glucophage) is most commonly orally prescribed DM drug.

8. Hypertension Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) is oldest HTN drug Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) is oldest HTN drug Norvasc Norvasc Ace Inhibitors are the most common Ace Inhibitors are the most common Diovan and Lisinopril are most ubiquitous Diovan and Lisinopril are most ubiquitous The “lols” are common as well. Metoprolol and Atenolol The “lols” are common as well. Metoprolol and Atenolol

9. Hyperlipidemia High cholesterol drugs destroy the cells in your liver that make cholesterol. High cholesterol drugs destroy the cells in your liver that make cholesterol. The Statin family of drugs are the most common The Statin family of drugs are the most common Lipitor Lipitor Crestor Crestor Simvastatin Simvastatin Zocor Zocor

10. Water Retention Diuretic, used for water retention Diuretic, used for water retention Lasix (Furosemide) Lasix (Furosemide)

11. Blood Thinners These drugs are given to people who have a hx of blood clots. These drugs are given to people who have a hx of blood clots. Used to prevent heart attack and strokes Used to prevent heart attack and strokes Coumadin (Warfarin) is ancient. Coumadin (Warfarin) is ancient. Heparin Heparin Plavix Plavix

12. Bradycardia Used to speed up heart rate Used to speed up heart rate Atropine Atropine Epinephrine (Adrenaline) Epinephrine (Adrenaline)

13. Stomach Bug Phenergan Phenergan Super-popular and ancient med given for nausea, anti-emesis. Super-popular and ancient med given for nausea, anti-emesis. Given orally, IM, and suppositories Given orally, IM, and suppositories

14. Anti-inflammation Non-steroidal Non-steroidal Ibuprofen (Motrin or Advil) Ibuprofen (Motrin or Advil) Naproxen (Aleve) Naproxen (Aleve) Both relieve pain, inflammation and fever Both relieve pain, inflammation and fever Steroids Steroids Prednisone Prednisone Cortisone Cortisone These only reduce inflammation These only reduce inflammation

15. Hypothyroidism Synthroid (Levothyroxine) is drug of choice. Synthroid (Levothyroxine) is drug of choice.

16. Muscle Relaxant Valium (Diazepam) is classic drug Valium (Diazepam) is classic drug Makes you sleepy and is addictive Makes you sleepy and is addictive Comes from the Benzodiazepine family of drugs Comes from the Benzodiazepine family of drugs

17. Mental Health Any medication that is used to alter your behavior is called a Psychotropic medication. Any medication that is used to alter your behavior is called a Psychotropic medication. SSRI family (Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors) SSRI family (Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors) Paxil Paxil Prozac Prozac Zoloft Zoloft They increase the amount of serotonin neurotransmitter in the synaptic cleft between neurons They increase the amount of serotonin neurotransmitter in the synaptic cleft between neurons Adverse Effects: Homocidal and Suicidal ideation Adverse Effects: Homocidal and Suicidal ideation SNRI family (Serotonin Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors) SNRI family (Serotonin Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors) Slightly less side effects Slightly less side effects Effexor Effexor Cymbalta Cymbalta SSRI and SNRIs used for depression, OCD, SSRI and SNRIs used for depression, OCD, Anxiety Anxiety Xanax is the main choice Xanax is the main choice Xanax is a benzo Xanax is a benzo Insomnia Insomnia Ambien- Night terrors, sexsomnia adverse effects Ambien- Night terrors, sexsomnia adverse effects Lunesta Lunesta Soma Soma

18. GERD Most common drugs used for GERD and ulcers Most common drugs used for GERD and ulcers Nexium Nexium Prilosec (Omeprazole) Prilosec (Omeprazole)

19. Others Anti-virals (Mono, Herpes, Shingles,etc) Anti-virals (Mono, Herpes, Shingles,etc) Valtrex Valtrex Acyclovir Acyclovir Anti-fungals (Thrush, Athlete’s Foot, etc) Anti-fungals (Thrush, Athlete’s Foot, etc) Nystatin Nystatin Bronchodilators (used for asthma treatment) Bronchodilators (used for asthma treatment) Albuterol inhaler Albuterol inhaler Singulair Singulair Advair Advair Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) Classic anti-histamine drug used to reduce inflammation Classic anti-histamine drug used to reduce inflammation Makes you very sleepy Makes you very sleepy

20. Top 10 Drugs 1. Hydrocodone (combined with acetaminophen) -- 131.2 million prescriptions 2. Generic Zocor (simvastatin), -- 94.1 million prescriptions 3. Lisinopril, -- 87.4 million prescriptions 4. Synthroid (levothyroxine sodium), -- 70.5 million prescriptions 5. Norvasc (amlodipine besylate), 57.2 million prescriptions 6. Prilosec (omeprazole), an antacid drug -- 53.4 million prescriptions (does not include over-the-counter sales) 7. Azithromycin (brand names include Z-Pak and Zithromax), -- 52.6 million prescriptions 8. Amoxicillin (various brand names) -- 52.3 million prescriptions 9. Glucophage (metformin), -- 48.3 million prescriptions 10. Hydrochlorothiazide (various brand names), 47.8 million prescriptions.

21. Name a Drug Invent a drug with a brand name and generic What is the drug for? What disease or organ system? Invent indications and contraindications Invent Adverse Effects (Death, 2 nd Head Development, Diphallia). Present powerpoint; afterwards you will make a skit/commercial for your drug similar to the ones you see on TV listing the aforementioned. Be creative!