1. Activity 54 Follow-up On the page following activity 54, write the U portion of your RERUNS conclusion: U- Uncertainties Here is where you explain what you do not understand. If you had results you did not expect or can not explain you talk about that here. Discuss possible errors.

2. What is kinetic energy? What is potential energy? Energy Transformation

3. Read page D-12

4. Activity 55 Title: Roller Coaster Energy Problem: How is energy transformed on a roller coaster? Initial Thoughts:

5. Background Information: Gravitational potential energy is energy stored due to an objects mass and height. Activity 54 examined the affect of metal rods of varying mass being dropped on a nail from different heights. Results showed, an object with more mass has more potential energy. Likewise, an object at a greater height has more potential energy.

6. The amount of potential energy initially determines how much kinetic energy the rod has before hitting the nail. Energy was transformed from gravitational potential energy into kinetic energy. What are some specific examples of potential energy and how would they be transformed? -A battery (chemical potential energy), transforms into electrical current (a type of kinetic energy) -Fuel in the form of the food (chemical potential energy) we eat, transforms into thermal energy (kinetic energy)

7. Read the procedure on page D-13

8. The kinetic energy due to disordered motions and vibrations of molecules and atoms. Thermal energy When the train travels over the track of the rollercoaster, friction between the wheels and track cause some of the kinetic energy to be transformed into thermal energy and sound. Friction

9. Follow-up: How are kinetic and gravitational potential energy transformed? Some energy can be lost (entropy) in the transformation. Some energy is converted to thermal energy. How is energy converted to thermal energy? -Friction between the wheels and the track. What causes friction? – It is the result of two objects rubbing together – Quickly rub your hands together – Describe the energy transformation you just created

10. True or False? An object does not have to be moving to have potential energy. -True. Gravitational potential energy depends on mass and height, not speed. Another example is fuel – its potential energy depends on its molecular structure Only living things are associated with energy. -False. There are many examples of energy that are not organic, such as gravitational potential energy and kinetic energy.