1. I.R

2. 25% of the total grade (10 marks) will depend on students' attendance, participation & submitting the assignments required in addition to the mid-term exam: 10 marks Attendance, Participation, and Assignments. 15 marks Mid-term exam (There is no Make-up for the mid-term exam. This is not negotiable). The final Comprehensive Exam in late May would take up 75% of the grade (75 marks).

3. Meaning of international relations Forms of international relations Political Integration International conflict International Governmental and non Governmental Organizations States as a subject of International Law International political system Foreign Policy

4.  The aims are to help you understand new ideas and concepts of International Relations. Hence, there is a requirement for orienting your mind to the contemporary social situations.

5.  Introducing you to International relations and the basic principles,Theories and Topics.  Demonstrating how these principles can be applied  To expose you to current affairs.  To help you in widening your horizon of knowledge.

6.  1)- what is meant by international relation, 2)- characteristics (features, traits) of international relations, 3)- theories and approaches to studying international relations

7. 1- as to the first sub-item, there is no general agreement among scholars regarding what is meant by international relations. we can distinguish a set of tendencies. -some scholars define international relations “ as those relations which go beyond the boundaries of the state”.

8.  we observe that this definition confirms one of the main features of international relations that are the "International characteristic’’. however,.

9.  the definition confines the actors of international relations to state governments while international relations witnesses so many actors other than states

10. Such as IGO’s, multi-national corporations, national liberation movements, non- governmental organizations, and the individuals. all these units more or less exercise effect and play role in international.relations

11.  2- other scholars define international relations as "those political and diplomatic interactions taking place among states and international governmental organization”

12.  - we can remark that this definition looks at international relation from an official point of view while we know that international relations extends to include political and non political, cultural, security, social, health, education, economic,……………

13.  **in our point of view, international relation can be well-defined as all forms of activities and interactions taking place “occurring” between units and members of the international community regarding inter-related issue weather political or non political ones.

14.  this definition, as it appears, has the merits advantage of being inductive “ 7esyy” and well- reflected evolution and changes taking place in the international arena weather on the objective level ( political and non political) or on the subjective level ( state, governments, international organization, national liberation movements, multi-national corporations, nongovernmental organization, national organization and private individuals).