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Published byAmanda Rich Modified over 9 years ago
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Alleles segregate during gamete formation, but do they do it independently?
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Two-factor Cross, F 1 RRYY x rryy Round/yellow peas wrinkled/green What will offspring look like? Gives hybrid plants needed for next cross
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Two-Factor Cross, F 2 RrYy x RrYy
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Independent Assortment Genes for different traits can segregate independently during the formation of gametes. Leads to genetic variation in plants, animals, and other organisms.
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Not all genes show simple patterns of dominant and recessive Incomplete dominance Codominance Multiple alleles Polygenic traits Sex-linked
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Incomplete Dominance One allele NOT dominant over another Four o’clock plants RR x WW RW
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Codominance Both alleles contribute to the phenotype Chicken: black feathers codom with white Heterozygous = erminette (speckled) Humans: protein controlling cholesterol levels Blood type
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Multiple Alleles Many genes have more than 2 alleles Coat color in rabbits Human gene for blood type
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Polygenic Traits Traits controlled by two or more genes At least three genes involved in reddish- brown pigment in eyes of fruit flies Different combinations of alleles produce different eye colors Polygenic traits often show a wide range of phenotypes Skin color in humans partly because more than four different genes probably control this trait
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Sex-linked Genes
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